Pulpectomy is a procedure involving complete removal of pulp tissue from the root canal space in primary teeth followed by filling it with an inert resorbable material. Using hand files for instrumentation of the primary root canals has been well documented in the literature. There are certain potential limitations like increased canal preparation time, uneven preparation of root canal space associated with the use of hand files despite its widespread usage for the instrumentation of primary root canals. To overcome the disadvantages of the manual instrumentation and to preserve the tortuous root canal path of the primary teeth, rotary instrumentation was introduced into paediatric dentistry. An increasing volume of research acknowledges the significance of minimizing postoperative pain in pediatric endodontics using motorized instrumentation and specific pediatric rotary files. Hence, the present study intends to compare the quality of obturation, instrumentation time and intensity of postoperative pain using manual instrumentation and rotary instrumentation.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the quality of obturation, instrumentation time and postoperative pain using pedoflex file, kedo-SH, and reciprocating hand K-files in primary teeth. 

Objectives: To compare the quality of obturation, instrumentation time and postoperative pain during root canal preparation.

The randomized clinical trial was carried out in the Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry,

Narayana Dental College and hospital, Nellore. The informed consent was obtained from the

parents of the children who participated in the study.

Children between 4-9 years of age requiring pulpectomy were randomly selected and allotted

to one of the three groups according to the computer generated randomization sequence where instrumentation was done using: Group 1: Manual K-files (15-30) (Mani); Group 2: Pedo Flex file; Group 3: Kedo-SH. The working length was determined with the pre-operative radiograph using Ingle’s radiographic method. Local anesthesia was administered using 2% lignocaine with 1:2,00,000 adrenaline. The tooth indicated for pulpectomy was isolated using rubber dam. Using No.6 round bur (Mani) was used in a high speed hand piece to remove the superficial caries and No.330 pear shaper bur (Mani) was used to completely de-roof thepulp chamber. No.10 size K file (Mani) was used to determine the patency of the canals. The canal preparation was done using: 

Group 1: Twenty eight teeth were instrumented using K-files from size 15 to size 30 (Mani) in quarter pull turn method, 

Group 2: Twenty-eight teeth were instrumented using Pedo Flex file,

Group 3: Twenty-eight teeth were instrumented using Kedo-SH file. 

The time taken for the instrumentation of the canals was recorded in seconds using a stop watch by an assistant. The canals were then irrigated and obturated. A postobturation radiograph was taken to assess the quality of obturation. Pain assessment is done using Memoji’s pain scale.