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Brief Summary
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INTRODUCTION Epigenetic
changes are linked with many cancer types [1]. In GC, Several genes were found
to be differentially methylated compared to their adjacent normal cells of the
same individual [2], and these differentially methylated genes can be used as a
biomarker for GC screening, treatment, and prognosis [3].
In
India, GC is responsible for about 53,253 deaths in the year 2020 and is the
6th leading cause of death [4]. 1 out of 160 men and 319 women has the risk to
develop GC in their lifetime (0-70 years) [5]. Aizawl and Papumpare district of
Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh respectively has the highest incidence of GC
among men and women respectively [6]. Kamrup (metro) of Assam has reported
having the highest increase in APC (annual percentage change) of 6.5 in males
and 11.7 in females [5].
Five Novel
hypermethylated genes (PPP1R16B, FGF12, FEZF2, GDF7, and KCNQ5) were identified
in the ethnic population of Mizoram form our laboratory at NEHU [7]. The
primary objective of this present study is to establish these 5 genes as
biomarker(s) of GC in patients from different ethnicities of Northeast India. These biomarker(s)
will help clinicians better understand the disease, diagnose early and design
the treatment plan accordingly. HYPOTHESIS The hypothesis of the study is PPP1R16B, FGF12,
FEZF2, GDF7, and KCNQ5 genes are differentially methylated and have
expressional differences between cancer matched-control tissues suggesting
their potential utility as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of
gastric cancer for different population. OBJECTIVES a.
To study the degree of
methylation of PPP1R16B, FGF12, FEZF2, GDF7, and KCNQ5 in cancer and matched
control tissue and measure its association with different patient parameters.
b.
To study the expression
of PPP1R16B, FGF12, FEZF2, GDF7, and KCNQ5 in cancer and matched control tissue
and measure its association with different patient parameters.
c.
To calculate the
association between methylation and expression of PPP1R16B, FGF12, FEZF2, GDF7,
and KCNQ5 in cancer and matched control tissue. REFERENCES [1] Esteller,
M. (2008). Epigenetics in cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(11),
1148–1159. [2] Jones,
P. A., & Baylin, S. B. (2002). The fundamental role of epigenetic events in
cancer. Nature Reviews Genetics, 3(6), 415–428. [3] Locke,
W. J., Guanzon, D., Ma, C., Liew, Y. J., Duesing, K. R., Fung, K. Y., &
Ross, J. P. (2019). DNA methylation cancer biomarkers: Translation to the
clinic. Frontiers in Genetics, 1150. [4] IARC (2020).
Globocan-2020. Retrieved from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/356-india-fact-sheets.pdf [5] Mathur,
P., Sathishkumar, K., Chaturvedi, M., Das, P., Sudarshan, K. L., Santhappan,
S., Nallasamy, V., John, A., Narasimhan, S., Roselind, F. S., & others.
(2020). Cancer statistics, 2020: Report from national cancer registry
programme, India. JCO Global Oncology, 6, 1063–1075. [6] Shanker,
N., Mathur, P., Das, P., Sathishkumar, K., Shalini, A. M., & Chaturvedi, M.
(2021). Cancer scenario in North-East India & need for an appropriate
research agenda. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 154(1), 27. [7] Lamare, F., Khongsti, S.,
Marthong, L., Ghosh, S., Chenkual, S., & Dkhar, H. et al. (2022).
Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of stomach cancer in the ethnic
population of Mizoram, North East India. Genomics, 114(5), 110478.
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