| Hypotension is common after induction of general anesthesia¹, and intraoperative hypotension is associated with postoperative end-organ injury2,3. The incidence of hypotension after induction of general anaesthesia is variable and depends on the patients characteristics, volume status of the patient, and the induction agent used4,.Immediately after induction of general anaesthesia, patients are at particular risk of hypotension because of the cardiovascular depressant and vasodilatory effects of induction agents, as well as a lack of surgical stimulation. Furthermore, patients undergoing elective gastro-intestinal surgery may be hypovolemic for multiple reasons, such as preoperative fasting, bowel preparation, etc. Hypovolemia increases the risk of hypotension3,4Despite worldwide improvement in preoperative optimization and changing practices promoting the avoidance of unnecessary fasting and bowel preparation, post- anaesthesia induction hypotension is still a concern. Latent hypovolemia where there is a decrease in circulating blood volume without obvious hemodynamic changes and/or organ dysfunction increases the risk of the development of hypoperfusion in response to external impacts such as anaesthesia and surgery5 .Preoperative assessment of intravascular volume statusand identification of latent hypovolemia can help clinicians to ensure patient safety and a chance to implement proper fluid replacement before inducing general anaesthesia. A number of dynamic parameters that assess volume status have been recommended recently to guide perioperative fluid therapy6 In addition Point of care ultrasound assessment of major vessels is being increasingly used by clinicians to assess intravascular volume status.7 Ultrasound measurements of inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter with respiration and IVC collapsibility index (CI), have been recommended as rapid non-invasive methods for estimating volume status and to predict hypotension after anaesthesia8,9 However, an assessment of the IVC has several limitations, such as it may be difficult to obtain IVC measurements in patients with distended abdomen and it may be of limited utility when there are excessive respiratory efforts 10 . Carotid artery Doppler measurements have several advantages, as it is non-invasive, and because the carotid artery is a superficial artery, it is technically easy to obtain measurements.Corrected Flow Time (cFT) for carotid artery is the carotid systole time, with heart rate correction applied.11It is reported to correlate with intravascular volume status. 12The common carotid artery corrected flow time(cFT) is not affected by respiratory efforts; hence, it also can be used as a marker of volume responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients.13 .The cFT measured in the common carotid artery has also been reported as predictor of hypotension after induction of general anaesthesia14 This study aims to compare Common carotid arterycFT&IVCcollapsibility index for predicting post -induction hypotension in adult patients undergoing elective gastro-intestinal surgery. |