M. Torabinejad introduced MTA in endodontics in 1993 as a root end filling material. It was given approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1998. MTA has several desirable properties such as biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, radiopacity, sealing ability, low solubility and when it comes in contact with fluids forms an apatite like layer on its surface^10,11. Investigators have showed that it can conduct and induct hard tissue formation. Studies have showed that when MTA is placed on exposed pulp tissue it causes proliferation, differentiation and migration of odontoblast like cells, which produce a collagen matrix. The collagen matrix is then mineralized and produces osteodentine initially and few weeks to month’s later tertiary dentinal bridge formation occurs and studies conclude that MTA is a material of choice and can replace Ca (OH)2 for a better outcome of pulpotomy procedures .

MTA Angelus (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil /Clinician‘s Choice, New Milford, CT) was launched in Brazil in 2001 and received FDA approval in 2011. It is mixed with water at 3:1 powder: liquid ratio. It’s initial setting time is 15 minutes and compressive strength is 34 MPa . The pH of MTA is 10.2 after mixing which rises to 12.5 after 3 hours but there are drawbacks of MTA which have been documented it includes discoloration potential of MTA, difficult handling characteristics, high material cost, technique sensitive and contain heavy metals like aluminium oxide, bismuth oxide and produce a considerably waste.

So, new calcium silicate-based material with improved properties were introduced. Powder /liquid systems require manual mixing. Therefore, premixed bioceramics were introduced. The premixed sealer, paste, and putty have the advantage of uniform consistency and no wastage. These premixed bioceramics are all hydrophilic and require moisture from the surrounding tissues to set . This putty is delivered through a syringe and thus does not require hand mixing. The syringe also gives the clinician the ability to dispense the exact amount of material needed for the procedure and thus reduces waste. Unlike regular MTA, it does not cause discoloration of remaining tooth structure. It is dimensionally stable, with zero shrinkage and minimal expansion, and has a very high radiopacity.

Kids-e-Dental’s e-MTA putty is a pre-mixed bio-ceramic, insoluble, radiopaque and bioactive paste consisting of very fine hydrophilic particles of several mineral oxides. Its composition includes tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate and zirconium oxide. It is handy and easy to use, has non sticky consistency, washout resistance and non-staining and no heavy metals.