Hip fractures are regarded as a worldwide epidemic and a major public health concern inmany countries (1). Globally, hip fractures rank among the top 10 causes of disability (2). Hipfractures are a common orthopaedic emergency in the elderly, and is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Surgical reduction and fixation are the definitive treatment in most patients (3).

The majority of hip fractures in the elderly population results from an inadvertent fall,whereas, it is more commonly caused due to a high energy trauma in the younger and adultpopulation

(4). Irrespective of the aetiology, hip fractures are a painful condition, and early pain relief and definitive management is of utmost importance, especially in the elderly population.

Pre-operative pain from hip fractures can be managed by several modalities. The 2011 NICE guidelines for management of hip fractures recommend the use of IV paracetamol, opioids,and peripheral nerve blocks (5). Oral or intravenous analgesics, particularly opioids can cause unwarranted sedation, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, and delirium. The elderly population have a significant risk of delirium due to their age, co-morbidities, alteredmetabolic functions and physiology, or due to the under or over treatment of pain (6, 7).

Peripheral nerve blocks have several advantages such as, adequate pain management in thepre- operative and post-operative time, facilitate early mobilization, and reduction in the dose of opioids required and their related side effects (3, 8).

The hip joint is innervated by branches of the obturator nerve, anterior obturator nerve, andthe femoral nerve. Studies suggest that the anterior capsule of the hip joint is richlyinnervated by these nerves and is targeted to provide analgesia. Regional anaesthetic techniques such as Femoral Nerve Block (FNB), and Fascia Iliaca Block (FIB) are routinely used for effective peri-operative analgesia due to opioid sparing effects. But, these blockades only provide moderate analgesia as the obturator nerve is inadequately affected (3, 9).

Ultrasound guidance improves visualization of anatomical structures, success rate, quality of sensory block, onset time, decreases dose of local anesthetics and complications.

The Femoral Nerve Block targets the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, femoral nerve, and the obturator nerve (9). The Pericapsular Nerve Group Block targets the articular branches of obturator nerve, anterior obturator nerve, and the femoral nerve, and is found to be aneffective regional anaesthetic technique for hip fracture surgeries (10).

After thorough review, there are very few studies that compare the efficacy of ultrasound guided PENG vs FNB for postoperative analgesia in patients who underwent surgery for hip fracture using 20mL of 0.5% Ropivacaine.