Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause of infectious disease–related mortality worldwide. It is a major public health problem associated with social stigma in many parts of the world. [1] Efforts for TB control have progressed steadily over the years and considerable progress has been made in terms of diagnostics, treatment regimens and coverage. [2] However, India in 2021 witnessed a 19% increase of notified TB patients from the previous year. The total number of TB patients (new and relapse) notified during 2021 were 19,33,381 and 16,28,161 in 2020. Additionally, the prevalence of MDR-TB and XDR-TB has always been a challenge. The estimated number of MDR and XDR-TB cases put on treatment as per the global TB report 2021 was 4 per 100,000 and 1 per 100,000 population, respectively. [3] The incidence of TB is highest in the 15–24-year age group in India. The incidence rates in men, women, and children being 60%, 34%, and 6%, respectively. [4] Apart from being a public health problem, TB poses an economic burden on the society. Poverty is both a risk factor and a consequence of TB, and it disproportionately affects the households with low socio-economic status. [5] Multiple aspects of the disease condition make it essential for an alternative approach to be evaluated in aiding to the existing principles of treatment. [5] The important facets being nourishment, quality of life, hepatoprotection and immunomodulation. Undernutrition and TB form a vicious cycle, where undernutrition predisposes an individual to acquire TB, while TB could exacerbate undernutrition. Nutritional support to TB patients improves weight gain, adherence to therapy, muscle strength, quality of life, and reduced mortality. GIT manifestations, hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, skin rashes, fever, peripheral neuritis are the common side effects of anti-TB drugs. [6] Many studies support hepatoprotective activities of glycosides, flavonoids, triterpenes and phenolic group of compounds extracted from plants. [6] These phytochemicals possess antioxidants and free radical scavenging properties which, prevent excessive lipid peroxidation in liver, decrease catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione. [7] Agastya-hareetaki rasayana contains Hareetaki as the main ingredient. It has been well reported for its anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-ageing, anti-bacterial, anti-tubercular, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-diabetic, cardio-protective, hepato-protective, anti-ulcer and wound healing properties. [8] This study thus has been contemplated to evaluate the efficacy of Agastya-hareetaki rasayana as adjunct to AKT in pulmonary tuberculosis. |