PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Dr. Gautami S Penmetsa, Professor and Head, Department of Periodontics, Vishnu dental college, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram.
NEED FOR STUDY: Conventional implant placement methods, such as freehand placement do not provide a reliable reproduction of the optimal planned implant position in the surgical site. As digital technology advances in the medical field, Computer Assisted Implant Surgery (CAIS) was introduced in 1995 to enable an accurate reproduction of the planned optimal implant position to the surgical site. CAIS works on the principle of using Computed Tomography (CT) in conjunction with implant planning software to simulate virtual implant placement in the optimal 3-dimensional position on multiplanar surfaces. When compared to conventional implant placement procedures, the accuracy of conveying the virtual implant position to the patient using dynamic CAIS systems has been found to be superior. The purpose of the study is to measure the linear and angular deviations of zygomatic implant placement in the atrophic maxilla , thereby increasing the success of the implant and comparing the accuracy between freehand method and dynamic navigation system.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
1) A prospective controlled clinical trail conducted by Ashwini et al in the year 2022, inserted zygomatic implants using Dynamic navigation system. A Test group and control group of 20 patients are included. In test group, dynamic navigation guided insertion of zygomatic implants with the reflection of the mucoperiosteal flap was performed. In the control group, flapless insertion of the zygomatic implants was performed. They concluded that Dynamic navigation -guide insertion of zygomatic implants was effective in maxillary rehabilitation.
2) A study conducted by Yiqun Wu et al included patients who presented with severely maxillary atrophy or maxillary defects and received dynamic navigation-supported ZI surgery. The deviations of entry, exit, and angle were measured after image data fusion. 71 patients with 221 ZIs received Zygomatic implants placed using navigation-guided surgery. The deviations in entry, exit, and angle were 1.57 ± 0.71 mm, 2.1 ± 0.94 mm and
2.68 ± 1.25 degrees, respectively. Patients with atrophic maxillary or maxillary defects showed a significant difference in exit deviation. They concluded that the navigation-supported ZI implantation is an accurate and reliable method for zygomatic implant placement.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To compare angular and linear deviations in zygomatic implants placed using freehand method and dynamic navigation system in the same patient.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: To assess the entry deviation, apical deviation(3D), apical deviation(V), Angular deviation using Implant planning software.
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective comparative clinical study
40 patients were included in the study. Randomization will be done using coin toss method into two groups a)Test group: dynamic navigation b)Control group: Freehand method
STL files will be obtained either by scanning models or from intraoral scanner. Preoperative CBCT will be taken and DICOM files will be obtained. Merging of DICOM and STL files will be done using implant planning software. In test group, Zygomatic Implant placement will be done through Navigation system. In control group, the zygomatic implants will be placed using freehand method. In both the groups, superimposition of preoperative and post operative CBCT will be done and deviations will be measured using respective software.
DURATION OF STUDY: 2 Months
SAMPLE SIZE: The sample size was calculated using the G*power 3.1 software. The calculations were based on the mean angular deviation as primary outcome with an effect size of 1.4, an alpha level of 0.05 and an 80% desired power for 2 paired means with a 1:1 allocation ratio, assuming normality, for a 2-sided test with a split-mouth design. The sample size was set at 20 implants in 10 subjects.
SOURCE OF DATA: Patients visiting Sahyog Maxillofacial centre for rehabilitation of Atrophic Maxilla.
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
1)22 to 67 years
2)Systemically healthy patients
EXCLUSION CRITERIA :
1)Pregnant and lactating women
2)Uncontrolled systemic diseases
3)Habit of smoking and chewing tobacco
4)Patients with infectious diseases(HIV Hepatitis B)
5)Patients undergoing radiation therapy and Bisphosphonate therapy and steroid therapy
6)Known allergy to the implant or implant guide
REFERENCES:
1. Bhalerao A, Ayoub A. Zygomatic implants using dynamic navigation. Journal of Dentistry. 2022 Jun 1;121:103993.
2. Wu Y, Tao B, Lan K, Shen Y, Huang W, Wang F. Reliability and accuracy of dynamic navigation for zygomatic implant placement. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2022 Apr;33(4):362-76.