| Obesity is a state of excess adipose tissue mass. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of multiple health problems, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnoea, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, degenerative joint disease, and some malignancies.1 Worldwide, more than 1 billion people are estimated to be overweight, and more than 300 million of these are considered obese, making Obesity one of the greatest threats to public health today. 2 In India, 1.3% of males and 2.5 % of females aged more than 20 years were obese in the year 2008.3 The Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity is expected to increase considerably in India by 2040, with substantial increases, particularly among rural residents and older Indians.
The concept of Sthaulya has been considered to be one among the Ashtaunindita Purusha.5 (eight undesirable conditions). Adiposity is a physiological characteristic of obese and overweight individuals, which increases the risk for cardiovascular disease.6 Nothing else than physical activity (Vyayama) exists which is best to reduce corpulence (Obesity)7. Surya Namaskar is practiced as it’s a full-body workout. Surya Namaskar not only stretches your body but also works on your cardiovascular system along with improving blood circulation. Doing one round of Surya Namaskar burns approximately 13.90 calories. Doing 12 sets of Surya Namaskar is equal to doing 288 yoga poses. Regular practice of Surya Namaskar provides your body with some exceptionally healthy benefits. It is a workout for your full body starting from the toe to your head.8 The Body Adiposity Index (BAI) is a practical anthropometric method used to measure body fat percentage (BF%)9. BAI, as an estimate of body fat percentage (BF%), is calculated using a simple equation that includes only hip circumference and body height. The rationale for this approach derives from a study by Bergman et al.10 The BMI has been used to assess body fat for almost 200 years. BMI is known to be of limited accuracy and is different for males and females with similar % body adiposity.11 BMI is a simple estimate of obesity based on the ratio of weight to height squared (weight (kg)/height squared (m2). However, a higher BMI does not always reflect increased body fat as excess weight can be due to increased muscle or bone mass, influenced by such factors as sex, age, genetics, exercise, and ethnicity. Recently, Body Adiposity Index (BAI) has been proposed as a new alternative to BMI. BAI is a nonlinear ratio of hip circumference to height (the hip circumference in cm/ [(height (m)1.5 -18]). Bergman et al. reported that BAI is strongly correlated with adiposity, and in contrast to BMI, BAI was equally good for both genders and differing ethnicities. BAI could directly estimate percent body fat without the need for further correction for sex or age.12*
RESEARCH QUESTION Whether there will be any effect of Surya Namaskar on Sthaulya (Obesity) w.r.t. Body Adiposity Index? There is no significant effect of Surya Namaskar on Sthaulya (Obesity) w.r.t. Body Adiposity Index. ALTERNATE HYPOTHESIS There is a significant effect of Surya Namaskar on Sthaulya (Obesity) w.r.t. Body Adiposity Index.
AIM To assess the effect of Surya Namaskar on Sthaulya (Obesity) w.r.t. Body Adiposity Index. OBJECTIVES 1. To measure the waist circumference of study participants 2. To measure the hip circumference of study participants. 3. To measure the height of study participants 4. To calculate the BAI with the help of hip circumference and height by using formula BAI= Hip Circumference(cm)/ Height (m)1.5-18 MATERIALS AND METHODS Study Centre: Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, Khera Dabar, Najafgarh, New Delhi-110073 STUDY DESIGN- Prospective Study Duration of Study – 3 Months Sample size- 100 The sample size formula by Fleiss is:- P1 = p2 OR/ 1+ p2 (OR-1) OR =Odd’s Ratio Prevalence of obesity = 11.8% P1 (proportion of exposed with disease) = 109 P2 (proportion of the unexposed with diseases) =109 Total Sample Size =218 (218 is not feasible, therefore will take 100 subjects) Study Material: This study will recruit a population of 50 obese patients. Obesity is defined as the ratio of the circumference of the waist to the circumference of the hips (WHR= waist-to-hip-ratio )16, 0.9 in women and 1.0 in men. The waist circumference and Hip circumference of the subject will be measured according to Annexure 3 & Annexure 4 respectively. METHODOLOGY- Literary Study- The effect of Surya Namaskar on Body Adiposity Index in patients of Sthaulya (Obesity) will be studied from the reference books of Ayurveda & Modern science. Ø The enrolled subjects will be informed about the study through an information Sheet & written informed consent (Annexure 1) will be taken and their subject participation will be solicited. Ø After obtaining written consent from subjects, their Body Adiposity Index (BAI) will be calculated after measuring the hip circumference and height (Annexure 5) of study participants. Ø Surya Namaskar training (Annexure 6)17 will be given by the investigator in CBPACS Hospital. After that daily follow-up will be done either in the hospital or on zoom meeting regularly. Ø We will give intervention of Surya Namaskar Therapy starting with Sukshma Vyayama18 followed by a series of physical postures with regulated breathing. It will be advised twice a day on empty stomach in the morning and evening starting from rounds 1,2,4,6,8,10,12 on Day 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 respectively. Ø It is best to perform Surya Namaskar slowly at your own pace, pausing a little at the limit of each position. Each position should be held for five seconds before preceding to next.19 It is enough to perform Surya Namaskar for 10-15 minutes. Ø Body Adiposity Index will be assessed on Day 1 and after 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days of training according to Annexure 2. Subjects of either gender will be taken in a single group and will be trained to perform Surya Namaskar. EXPECTED OUTCOME The results of the study may indicate that by practicing Surya Namaskar there is a decrease in Body Adiposity Index in obese. |