Propofol is used intravenously for the induction and maintenance of anaesthesia.

 

However, pain in the injection site of the arm is one of the main disadvantages of propofol.

 

The incidence of propofol injection site pain has been reported to vary from 80% to 90% when veins on

 the dorsum of the hand is used for injection. 

 

•In different studies the authors concluded that lignocaine pre-treatment with a rubber tourniquet on the

 forearm was effective to decrease pain on injection.

 

However, the failure rate was about 15-40%. despite this lignocaine or dexamethasone did not

 completely control propofol-induced pain despite various methods to reduce propofol injection pain, the

 most effective methods not identified; thus, combination therapy suggested

 

Propofol releases kininogen from the vein wall, which triggers a local kinin cascade, The action of the

 products of the kinin cascade on the nociceptor may be enhanced by prostaglandins.

 

Dexamethasone inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and also inhibits bradykinin synthesis, a product of the

 plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade as a potent anti-inflammatory agent

 

In addition, dexamethasone added to lignocaine for regional IV anaesthesia has been reported to improve

 analgesia 

 

Thus, as further research is required the present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of

 

Dexamethasone, Lignocaine or combination is associated with additional analgesic efficacy compared

 with either treatment alone in Indian population