INTRODUCTION

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, non-communicable disease and also one of the major global public health issues. It is defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia due to the defect in insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells, decrease in insulin sensitivity, or a combination of both. The most common form of DM is Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), which accounts for 85% of all diabetes patients.¹ Periodontal disease is the most prevalent oral complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Periodontitis is a disease characterized by periodontal pocket formation, loss of connective tissue attachment, alveolar bone resorption, and gingival inflammation, ultimately resulting in tooth loss.

The observation that periodontal therapy appears to reduce periodontal infection and inflammation, suggests that periodontal therapy may facilitate metabolic control of diabetes, improving insulin sensitivity by reducing peripheral inflammatory cytokines levels.2 Therefore, we put on the hypothesis that if periodontitis is casually related to worsening of parameters of diabetic patients, then periodontal treatment should improve glycaemic control.

The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of non- surgical periodontal therapy on glycaemic control in DM2 patients.

METHODOLOGY

Convenient sample of 60 patients aged 35-45 years will be selected from a Diabetic Centre in Moradabad. Patient who came to Diabetic Centre for their routine check up and investigation will screen for type II Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis.

 This study was revived and approved by the institutional Ethical Review Committee, Moradabad.

The inclusion criteria include; Blood sugar controlled only with oral hypoglycaemic agents and no systemic antibiotic administration or periodontal treatment within the last six months. The exclusion criteria includes; Patients  with systemic diseases other than Diabetes Mellitus type II, tobacco and alcohol users and  patients who were suffering from oral disease that need emergency treatment like endo-perio lesion, periodontal abscess.

The oral examination will be conducted in dental clinical wing of the diabetic centre. Oral examination includes assessing periodontal Pocket Depth, Gingival status and Plaque accumulation of each individual patient. Periodontal pocket depth was assessed by measuring Probing pocket depth(PPD) with UNC-15 probe at six points for each tooth and the arithmetic mean value of all the teeth was considered. Gingival status was assessed by Gingival Index, Loe & Silness (1963). Dental plaque was assessed by Plaque Index, Silness & Loe(1967).

Glycemic status will be assesses by the HbA1c and fasting blood sugar level. Participating subjects were interviewed for the demographic data, duration and the frequency of a drug and were cross verified with the hospital records.