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CTRI Number  CTRI/2021/07/035091 [Registered on: 23/07/2021] Trial Registered Prospectively
Last Modified On: 19/07/2021
Post Graduate Thesis  No 
Type of Trial  Observational 
Type of Study   Cross Sectional Study 
Study Design  Other 
Public Title of Study   To study the factors related to Cyberbullying in adolescents. 
Scientific Title of Study   Factors associated with Cyberbullying in adolescents of South India. 
Trial Acronym   
Secondary IDs if Any  
Secondary ID  Identifier 
NIL  NIL 
 
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)  
Name  N N Nayana 
Designation  Ph. D Scholar 
Affiliation  Kasturba Medical College 
Address  Room no. 33, Department of Psychiatry, 3rd floor, Old OPD building, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal

Udupi
KARNATAKA
576104
India 
Phone  8304030086  
Fax    
Email  nainann050@gmail.com  
 
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query  
Name  Dr Samir Kumar Praharaj 
Designation  Professor and Head 
Affiliation  Kasturba Medical College 
Address  Room no. 33, Department of Psychiatry, 3rd floor, Old OPD building, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal

Udupi
KARNATAKA
576104
India 
Phone  8971026304  
Fax    
Email  samir.kp@manipal.edu  
 
Details of Contact Person
Public Query  
Name  N N Nayana 
Designation  Ph. D Scholar 
Affiliation  Kasturba Medical College 
Address  Room no. 33, Department of Psychiatry, 3rd floor, Old OPD building, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal

Udupi
KARNATAKA
576104
India 
Phone  8304030086  
Fax    
Email  nainann050@gmail.com  
 
Source of Monetary or Material Support  
Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, 576104  
Muktha Foundation, Bangalore, 560088 
 
Primary Sponsor  
Name  Muktha Foundation 
Address  D-11, MJR Platina, Kudlu Gate, Off Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560088 
Type of Sponsor  Other [Non governmental Organization] 
 
Details of Secondary Sponsor  
Name  Address 
NIL  NIL 
 
Countries of Recruitment     India  
Sites of Study  
No of Sites = 1  
Name of Principal Investigator  Name of Site  Site Address  Phone/Fax/Email 
N N Nayana  Kasturba Medical College  Room No. 33, Department of Psychiatry, 3rd floor, Old OPD Building, Manipal
Udupi
KARNATAKA 		 8304030086

nainann050@gmail.com 
 
Details of Ethics Committee  
No of Ethics Committees= 1  
Name of Committee  Approval Status 
Kasturba Medical College and Kasturba Hospital Institutional Ethics Committee  Approved 
 
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI  
Status 
Not Applicable 
 
Health Condition / Problems Studied  
Health Type  Condition 
Healthy Human Volunteers  Adolescents of 7th-10th standard 
 
Intervention / Comparator Agent  
Type  Name  Details 
Intervention  NIL  NIL 
Comparator Agent  NIL  NIL 
 
Inclusion Criteria  
Age From  13.00 Year(s)
Age To  16.00 Year(s)
Gender  Both 
Details  1. Participants from grades VII, VIII, IX and X
2. Those who can read and write English  
 
ExclusionCriteria 
Details  Participants absent on the day of assessment 
 
Method of Generating Random Sequence   Not Applicable 
Method of Concealment   Not Applicable 
Blinding/Masking   Not Applicable 
Primary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
Bullying and Cyberbullying perpetration and victimization  Baseline 
 
Secondary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
Normative beliefs about aggression
Maladaptive schemas
Coping
 		 Baseline 
 
Target Sample Size   Total Sample Size="360"
Sample Size from India="360" 
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials" 
Phase of Trial   N/A 
Date of First Enrollment (India)   09/08/2021 
Date of Study Completion (India) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Date of First Enrollment (Global)  Date Missing 
Date of Study Completion (Global) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Estimated Duration of Trial   Years="1"
Months="0"
Days="0" 
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)   Not Applicable 
Recruitment Status of Trial (India)  Not Yet Recruiting 
Publication Details   NIL 
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement

Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?  

Response - NO
Brief Summary  

Cyberbullying is not a well-studied topic in the Indian context. With the emergence of online classes, adolescents are exposed to various dimensions of Information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the risk associated with this often goes unnoticed. The research is inspired by a preliminary work (Unpublished report, 2019) conducted as a part of a need assessment to understand traditional bullying in schools of Udupi, Karnataka. Thirty per cent of the adolescents’ reported that they were bullied online and there is little current evidence in the literature for these associations in India. Adolescents belief system strongly influence the coping strategies used in a situation especially cyberbullying, where a traditional victim could be a perpetrator or vice versa online. It is very important to understand these relations to help in developing interventions and maximizing resources for the same.

Aims & objectives
  • To understand the prevalence of cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among adolescents 
  • To study the gender difference in cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among adolescents
  • To study the relationship among normative beliefs about aggression, early maladaptive schemas, coping and cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among adolescent
Method
Eligibility criteria
  • Participants from grades VII, VIII, IX and X 
  • Who are able to read and write English 
Statistical methods
The socio-demographic details will be analysed using descriptive statistics. Correlation analysis – the relationship between variables ANOVA- the difference in means of EMS, Approval of aggression, coping strategies in cyber victimization and perpetration (categories). Post hoc analysis, Regression/ Factor modelling will be carried out to understand further.
Tools
Data collection will be done through questionnaires and the following are the list of questionnaires that will be used for the study 
  • Socio-demographic data: A proforma containing the age, gender, class, residence, time spent on the internet (daily on weekdays and weekends) other than for academics, mode of accessing the internet: mobile, tab, desktop, internet café, active social media platforms, online gaming if any will be collected.
  •  Bullying and cyberbullying Scale for Adolescents (BCS-A) (Thomas et al, 2019): multi-dimensional measurement model of bullying victimization and perpetration contains 26 questions in 2 scales measuring victimization and perpetration experiences, each consisting of four factors: physical, verbal, and relational, and cyber.
  •  The Normative Beliefs about Aggression Scale [NOBAGS] (Oct 1998/Oct 2011) (Huesmann, L. R., & Guerra, N. G. 1997): 20 item scale designed to measure a child’s, adolescent’s, or young adult’s perception of how acceptable it is to behave aggressively both under varying conditions of provocation and when no conditions are specified
  •  Brief Young schema Questionnaire –Adolescents (B-YSQ-A) has 54 items that were selected from the YSQ-S3 (i.e., 90 items) to compose the B-YSQ-A. Valid tool for assessing the 18 EMSs across the age span of 12–18 years old.
  •  The Brief-COPE is a 28-item validated self-report questionnaire designed to measure effective and ineffective ways to cope with a stressful life event. The scale can determine someone’s primary coping styles as either Approach Coping or Avoidant Coping. In addition, the following subscales are reported: Self-distraction, Active coping, Denial, Substance use, use of emotional support, use of instrumental support, Behavioral disengagement, Venting, Positive reframing, Planning, Humor, Acceptance, Religion, & Self-blame
Procedure
The study is aimed at understanding bullying (cyberbullying) and associated factors among adolescents. First of all, the institutional ethics committee clearance will be obtained. Permission will be obtained from the education office to approach schools. Schools will be recruited and approached according to their convenience. Targeted classes will be approached and study details will be explained, and consent will be sent to the parents through their children and assent will be obtained from the students willing to participate in the study. In the present study, students of class 7th, 8th , 9 th and 10th of 1 or 2 schools will be selected on the basis of permission granted by the school authority. Convenient sampling will be used. Students who have permission from their parents will be recruited and administered the questionnaires. The survey will be administered during a regular classroom period and students will be monitored by the researcher and respond to students’ questions/queries.

Ethical considerations
  •  As the students are below 18 years, parent’s permission and consent is important along with permission from the school authority. 
  • The study involves voluntary participation of students does not compel anyone.
  • The study will be conducted in free periods and will not disturb their study time. 
  • The study maintains utmost confidentiality as it does not require anyone to write their name on it or from which school they are from, thus, making it impossible to track their identity. 
  • The participants can withdraw from the study anytime they wish and they will not be charged for it.
 
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