Primary teeth act as a natural space maintainer and guide the eruption of permanent teeth to their optimal position in the dental arch. The retention and preservation of the primary tooth in the dental arch in its normal function and free of pathology is of utmost importance. Therefore, it is of prime importance as a Pediatric Dentist to maintain the integrity of tooth in the dental arch till natural exfoliation takes place.¹Paediatric dentistry is changing from surgical treatment planning to conserving primary teeth till their natural exfoliation occurs for proper occlusal guidance and also aid in mastication. Restoration is carried out in carious teeth involving enamel and dentine and pulp therapy in those which are showing pulpal and peri-radicular involvement.²

            Pulpectomy procedure consists of various steps out of which absolute chemo-mechanical preparation of the root canal system is a requisite for a successful endodontic treatment.  Studies have shown higher frequency of post-endodontic pain following multiple visits as compared to single-visit endodontic treatments.³

            Conventionally, manual K-files have proven to be a gold standard providing excellent tactile control and sharp, long-lasting cutting surfaces. Despite the widespread use of manual instrumentation for pulpectomy in primary teeth, there is incidence of post-operative pain due to linear filing motion.²The post-endodontic pain may be caused due to ongoing inflammatory processes or changes in the periapical tissue pressure post instrumentation.⁴

            Although, K-files have aided in the pediatric endodontic treatment since ages and proved successful yet there is a need felt to introduce a newer filing system to reduce the incidence of post endodontic pain.⁵Rotary instruments were introduced to Paediatric dentistry by Barr et al in 2000.With the development of nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary shaping systems in the recent past, a reduction in the timing and increased clinical efficacy has been seen.⁵

            The NiTi alloy proves more effective for cleaning the tortuous and irregular canal walls of the primary teeth due to, Greater elasticity, Central canal preparation, Less apical transportation, Use of lesser number of files. Hence it marks a far better choice for Paediatric endodontic procedures in the upcoming era. ⁶