Surgery And Anesthesia Can Trigger A Great Emotional Stress In Both Parents And Children. Change Of Environment (Operating Room), Parting From Parents, Anesthesia Induction Creates Extreme Anxiety In Children.This Anxiety May Cause Considerable Adverse Outcome Such As Augmented Postoperative Analgesic Requirements, Postoperative Delirium, Maladaptive Behavior In The Immediate Postoperative Period And May Persist As Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.Thus, Strategies To Prevent Or Reduce Anxiety Is Of At Most Importance For Minimizing Adverse Impact In The Immediate Postoperative Period And Also Of The Psychological Milieu Of The Child In Future. Numerous Strategies Have Been Analyzed Which Includes Pharmacological Methods, Nonpharmacological Methods And Psychological Training.

Pharmacological Agents Like Midazolam, Clonidine, Ketamine, Fentanyl And Other Agents Have Been Used But They May Be Associated With Undesirable Side Effects Such As Paradoxical Reactions, Prolonged Sedation And Adverse Behavioral Changes. However, Midazolam Is Established As The Gold Standard Method Of Preoperative Anxiolysis Against Which Other Premedication Strategies Are Compared. Nonetheless Midazolam Has Potential For Prolonged Effect And Paradoxical Reactions Like A Restless And Agitated Child.Nonpharmacological Techniques Include Parental Presence And Distraction Technique. Distraction Is A Nonpharmacological And Effective Technique That Directs Children’s Attention Away From Anxiogenic Stimuli. There Is A Multitude Of Techniques And Technologies Associated With Distraction. Behavioral Interventions Like Use Of Video Games And Comprehensive Family Centered Preoperative Behavioural Preparation Program Significantly Benefitted Children In Terms Of Reduced Anxiety, Increased Compliance, Reduced Emergence Delirium And Reduced Analgesic Requirements.Hence, We Have Designed The Current Study To Compare The Impact Of Oral Midazolam And Smartphone Application On Preoperative Anxiety And Postoperative Emergence Delirium In Children.