Emerging infectious diseases pose threats to the general human population, including recipients of blood transfusions. The risk of transmission of infection by blood transfusion results from collecting of blood from an infected donor while he is asymptomatic and the pathogen is present in his blood. The microbiological safety of the blood supply is continuously improving. The major focus has been HIV, hepatitis viruses and bacterial contamination. In fact, there are many infectious agents that are known, or that have properties that would predict the ability, to be transmissible by blood transfusion. A recent publication listed some 68 infectious agents with this characteristic, but for which interventions have not been implemented. [1] Leptospirosis is among such infections and is endemic in Karnataka and Kerala and we have outbreaks of Leptospirosis almost every year. The present study is planned to assess the need for implementation of newer donor screening strategies for detection of leptospirosis infection at our place. A prospective pilot study enrolling 500 healthy voluntary blood donors will be done. The donor sample will be collected after blood donation from the blood bag for screening of transfusion transmissible infections (HIV, HBV, HCV, Malaria and Syphilis). In addition to these mandatory screening tests we will be screening the sample for Leptospirosis infection by detection of leptospira specific Ig M antibodies by ELISA method. If a donor is found to be reactive, a confirmatory test would be performed by rapid kits and donor notification and the components prepared will be discarded