Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a clinical syndrome characterised by hyperglycaemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Diabetes Mellitus is classified into two broad categories: Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM. Type 1 DM is a result of absolute deficiency of insulin while Type 2 DM is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by variable degrees of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion and increased glucose production.

Diabetes Mellitus usually presents with symptoms like polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia. Over time, DM can damage the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. According to aetiological factors, pathogenesis and clinical features, Diabetes mellitus can be correlated with Madhumeha in Ayurveda. Madhumeha is the result of untreated Prameha. It is Vataja Prameha where the Vata depletes all Dhatu except Asthi Dhatu and Oja by excreting them through urine leading to Prabhuto Avila Mutrata.Although new drugs and therapeutics are emerging for the management of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), its prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate. DM does not come alone it brings with itself various acute and chronic metabolic complications of hyperglycaemia affecting every organ from head to toe. Once an individual is diagnosed with DM the dosage of medicine is ever increasing and ultimately insulin has to be given for glycemic control in most of the cases. 

Ayurveda has a great potential in the management of Madhumeha (Type 2 DM) and its associated complications.This study finds that Type 2 diabetes mellitus is more prevalent in the elderly population. More specifically, the prevalence of disease is more in 4^th, 5^th, and 6^th decade of life. This finding is consistent with many other studies across different parts of the world. Similarly, the prevalence of disease is more in patients with sedentary life, lack of exercise and faulty food habits in comparison with the patients performing regular physical activity and having regular healthy diet.

 Thus, the results of this study imply that food and exercise play a major role in controlling the blood glucose level. Another interesting findings of this study is that only a few of the 45 registered patient have a classical symptoms of the disease whereas most of the patient are symptomless, but those patients were having a high blood sugar level. This suggests the need of regular medical check-up the elderly people because these people might have been affected by the disease even if they do not show any related symptoms. 

In the present study both Mustadi Kwatha and Vangeshwara Rasa reduce many symptoms of  Madhumeha (Diabetes Mellitus) that include Prabhoota Mutrata  (Polyuria), Avila Mutrata (Turbidity), Trishnadhikya (Excessive Swaeting), Kara Pada Supti (Numbness of Extremities) and Daurbalya (Weakness) significantly. While in Kara Pada Daha (Burning sensation in hands and Feet) and in Kshudadhikya  (Polyphagia) minimum improvement was observed.

The sample size of this study may not be adequate to determine the effectiveness of the drugs in some variables like Avila Mutrata, Karapada Daha and Kshudhadhikya which are present in fewer patient. Regarding overall improvement in objective parameters, Vangeshwara Rasa alone and in combination with Mustadi Kwatha provide highly significant p<0.001 reduction in FBS and PPBS, While Mustadi Kwatha provide significant p<0.05 reduction in FBS and PPBS. The trial drug Mustadi Kwatha is more effective in reducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride in comparison to Vangeshwara Rasa. Similarly, Vangeshwara Rasa have shown significant increment in HDL as compare to Mustadi Kwatha. 

These results suggest the positive effect of the trial drugs in this study. The results were non-significant in parameters like SGOT, SGPT, Blood Urea, Serum Creatinine, Urine protein. They were within normal range after 45 days of administration of these drugs. The findings imply that there were no any adverse effect of these drugs. Diabetes is often associated with obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, known as metabolic syndrome.

From the present study we can say that both the drug Mustadi Kwatha and Vangeshwara in combined form are capable to handle Diabetes as well as its associated condition.