| CTRI Number |
CTRI/2026/04/108427 [Registered on: 15/04/2026] Trial Registered Prospectively |
| Last Modified On: |
08/04/2026 |
| Post Graduate Thesis |
Yes |
| Type of Trial |
Interventional |
|
Type of Study
|
Physiotherapy (Not Including YOGA)
Other (Specify) [comparative interventional study - physiotherapy exercise and yoga exercise ] |
| Study Design |
Non-randomized, Active Controlled Trial |
|
Public Title of Study
|
A study to Compare Bates Eye Exercise and Trataka Eye Yoga in Reducing Eye Strain in Teenagers with Eye Strain. |
|
Scientific Title of Study
|
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BATES EYE EXERCISE AND TRATAKA YOGA KRIYA IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ASTHENOPIA – A COMPARATIVE STUDY.” |
| Trial Acronym |
NIL |
|
Secondary IDs if Any
|
| Secondary ID |
Identifier |
| NIL |
NIL |
|
|
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)
|
| Name |
Sonika M |
| Designation |
MPT paediatrics |
| Affiliation |
R V College of Physiotherapy |
| Address |
Department of pediatrics G7 ground floor
No.CA 2 83 3 9th Main Rd 4th T Block East 4th Block Jayanagar Bengaluru Karnataka 560011
Bangalore
KARNATAKA
560011
India |
| Phone |
7892645154 |
| Fax |
|
| Email |
sonikamohan654@gmail.com |
|
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query
|
| Name |
Dr Pallavi B Wajapey |
| Designation |
Associate Professor |
| Affiliation |
R V College of Physiotherapy |
| Address |
Department of pediatrics G7 ground floor
No.CA 2 83 3 9th Main Rd 4th T Block East 4th Block Jayanagar Bengaluru Karnataka 560011
Bangalore
KARNATAKA
560011
India |
| Phone |
9902351697 |
| Fax |
|
| Email |
pallaviwajapey.rvcp@rvei.edu.in |
|
Details of Contact Person
Public Query
|
| Name |
Sonika M |
| Designation |
MPT paediatrics |
| Affiliation |
R V College of Physiotherapy |
| Address |
Department of pediatrics G7 ground floor
No.CA 2 83 3 9th Main Rd 4th T Block East 4th Block Jayanagar Bengaluru Karnataka 560011
Bangalore
KARNATAKA
560011
India |
| Phone |
7892645154 |
| Fax |
|
| Email |
sonikamohan654@gmail.com |
|
|
Source of Monetary or Material Support
|
| RV College of Physiotherapy
Department of pediatrics G7 ground floor
No.CA 2 83 3 9th Main Rd 4th T Block East 4th Block Jayanagar Bengaluru Karnataka 560011 County India |
|
|
Primary Sponsor
|
| Name |
Nil |
| Address |
Nil |
| Type of Sponsor |
Other [Nil] |
|
|
Details of Secondary Sponsor
|
|
|
Countries of Recruitment
|
India |
|
Sites of Study
|
| No of Sites = 1 |
| Name of Principal
Investigator |
Name of Site |
Site Address |
Phone/Fax/Email |
| Sonika M |
RV PU College |
Block 3 NMKRV COLLEGE Campus Jaya Nagar 1st Block Jayanagar 3rd Block Jayanagar Bengaluru Karnataka 560011
Bangalore
KARNATAKA |
07892645154
sonikamohan654@gmail.com |
|
|
Details of Ethics Committee
|
| No of Ethics Committees= 1 |
| Name of Committee |
Approval Status |
| RV College of Physiotherapy |
Approved |
|
|
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI
|
|
|
Health Condition / Problems Studied
|
| Health Type |
Condition |
| Healthy Human Volunteers |
ASTHENOPIA |
|
|
Intervention / Comparator Agent
|
| Type |
Name |
Details |
| Intervention |
Bates eye exercises. |
These eye relaxation and visual training exercises help reduce eye strain, improve focusing ability, and promote comfortable vision by relaxing the eye muscles and enhancing visual attention. The routine includes swinging exercise (3 min) to encourage natural eye movement, palming (3-5 min) for deep eye relaxation, central fixation (3-5 min) to improve clarity of focus, eye stretching (3-4 min) to increase eye muscle flexibility, dodging/shifting (3 min) to prevent staring and reduce strain, sunning (3 min) to relax the eyes using gentle sunlight exposure, five-finger relaxation (3 min)for visual relaxation, and visualization (3 min). The total duration of the exercise program is approximately 20 minutes. |
| Comparator Agent |
Trataka Yoga Kriya |
Trataka (candle gazing) is a yogic eye and concentration practice that helps improve focus, mental clarity, and eye relaxation while reducing eye strain. Begin by sitting comfortably in a quiet, dimly lit space with a straight spine and placing a candle at eye level about 2–3 feet away, then take a few deep breaths to relax (3- 5 minutes). Gaze gently at the candle flame without blinking or straining the eyes, allowing natural watering to occur as part of the cleansing process (3–5 minutes). Next, close the eyes and visualize the flame in the mind, holding the image as long as possible and reopening the eyes briefly if the image fades (3–5 minutes). Finally, rub the palms together and place them over the eyes, slowly open the eyes, blink a few times, and sit quietly for a minute to observe the calmness (2–5 minutes), making the total practice time about 10–15 minutes. |
|
|
Inclusion Criteria
|
| Age From |
16.00 Year(s) |
| Age To |
18.00 Year(s) |
| Gender |
Both |
| Details |
Individuals who are willing to voluntarily participate in the study with informed consent form signed by the parent and assent form signed by the child.
Individuals of aged between 16-18 years.
Individuals with self-reported eye discomfort or any eye symptoms.
Individuals with ability to comply with researcher and perform exercises.
Individuals who have undergone LASIK surgery and completed a 6-month recovery period. |
|
| ExclusionCriteria |
| Details |
Presence of ocular diseases (e.g., glaucoma, cataracts, retinopathy).
History of ocular surgery or eye disorders
Individuals with refractive errors
Use of medications affecting visual function.
Neurological conditions that could affect vision. |
|
|
Method of Generating Random Sequence
|
Not Applicable |
|
Method of Concealment
|
Not Applicable |
|
Blinding/Masking
|
Not Applicable |
|
Primary Outcome
|
| Outcome |
TimePoints |
| 17 item Asthenopia Survey Questionnaire ASQ 17 |
Baseline and post 3 weeks |
|
|
Secondary Outcome
|
| Outcome |
TimePoints |
| Nil |
Nil |
|
|
Target Sample Size
|
Total Sample Size="180"
Sample Size from India="180"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials" |
|
Phase of Trial
|
N/A |
|
Date of First Enrollment (India)
|
19/04/2026 |
| Date of Study Completion (India) |
Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials |
| Date of First Enrollment (Global) |
Date Missing |
| Date of Study Completion (Global) |
Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials |
|
Estimated Duration of Trial
|
Years="0"
Months="6"
Days="0" |
|
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)
|
Not Yet Recruiting |
| Recruitment Status of Trial (India) |
Not Yet Recruiting |
|
Publication Details
|
N/A |
|
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement
|
Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?
Response - NO
|
|
Brief Summary
|
Asthenopia (eye strain) is a common visual disorder caused by prolonged near work, digital device use, refractive errors, and ocular muscle imbalance, leading to symptoms such as eye fatigue, headaches, blurred vision, dryness, and reduced academic performance in adolescents. With the rising use of screens, its prevalence is increasing worldwide, including in India. Non-pharmacological approaches like eye exercises and yoga practices have shown promise in reducing symptoms and improving ocular muscle efficiency, and the ASQ 17 is a reliable tool for assessing eye strain. However, limited research compares Bates Eye Exercises and Trataka Yoga Kriya in adolescents. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effectiveness of these two physiotherapy-based interventions in reducing asthenopia symptoms and improving visual function in adolescents. |