Normal cognitive abilities like attention, concentration and memory are essential factors which directly or indirectly determine the scholastic and overall achievements of an individual not only in terms of schooling, but also in their earning capacity and therefore GDP and economic growth of the country. Intestinal microbiota is increasingly recognized as a complex signaling network which has critical role in cognitive functions including learning, memory and decision making processes. A novel recent study implicated the vagus nerve in the direct communication observed between the gut bacteria and the brain (Bravo J A. et al., 2011). Studies have shown that probiotics improve memory, mood and cognition (Logan and Katzman, 2005, D Benton 2007).

Docosahexaneoic Acid (DHA) is considered as “essential nutrient” both for children and adults, it is a key structural and physiologically active component of the brain, retina and neurons. Dietary intake of DHA, in most parts of the world, falls short of international recommendations (J. T. Winkler 2013). The supplementation of DHA in the diet modulates neurotransmission, gene expression and signal transduction improvements. Proposed study will address weather combination of both probiotic and DHA supplementation will improve cognition, concentration, memory and behavior in children 7-9 years of age. Supplementing DHA and probiotic will also help in other health benefits as these are known anti- inflammatory, immunomodulater and improve mineral absorption. This study will provide evidence base for the role of dietary supplements in enhancing cognition (student performance) which intern helps to earn more and improves GDP and economic growth of the country. This could lead to a more systematic approach to raising achievement and improving behavior in mainstream schools by early intervention.