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CTRI Number  CTRI/2026/03/105191 [Registered on: 02/03/2026] Trial Registered Prospectively
Last Modified On: 10/03/2026
Post Graduate Thesis  No 
Type of Trial  Observational 
Type of Study   Cross Sectional Study 
Study Design  Other 
Public Title of Study   Comparison of Neck Muscle Endurance and Hand Strength Between Male and Female College Students Using Smartphones 
Scientific Title of Study   Gender-Based Comparison of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip Strength and Pinch Strength among College-Going Students 
Trial Acronym  NIL 
Secondary IDs if Any  
Secondary ID  Identifier 
NIL  NIL 
 
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)  
Name  Afsar Alam 
Designation  Student Investigator 
Affiliation  Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute Of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation 
Address  Department Of Physiotherapy Room Number B34 Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed To Be University) Mullana Ambala Haryana 133207 Ambala HARYANA 133207 India

Ambala
HARYANA
133207
India 
Phone  8271604034  
Fax    
Email  afsaralam05631@gmail.com  
 
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query
 
Name  Dr Bhawna Vats 
Designation  BPT MPT Sports Rehabilitation 
Affiliation  Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute Of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation 
Address  Department Of Physiotherapy Room Number B34 Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed To Be University) Mullana Ambala Haryana 133207 Ambala HARYANA 133207 India

Ambala
HARYANA
133207
India 
Phone  9671237316  
Fax    
Email  bhawna.vats@mmumullana.org  
 
Details of Contact Person
Public Query
 
Name  Dr Bhawna Vats 
Designation  BPT MPT Sports Rehabilitation 
Affiliation  Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute Of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation 
Address  Department Of Physiotherapy Room Number B34 Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed To Be University) Mullana Ambala Haryana 133207 Ambala HARYANA 133207 India

Ambala
HARYANA
133207
India 
Phone  9671237316  
Fax    
Email  bhawna.vats@mmumullana.org  
 
Source of Monetary or Material Support  
Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Mullana Ambala Haryana 133207 
 
Primary Sponsor  
Name  Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Mullana Ambala  
Address  MMDU Mullana Ambala Haryana 133207 
Type of Sponsor  Private medical college 
 
Details of Secondary Sponsor  
Name  Address 
NIL  NIL 
 
Countries of Recruitment     India  
Sites of Study  
No of Sites = 1  
Name of Principal Investigator  Name of Site  Site Address  Phone/Fax/Email 
Dr Bhawna Vats  Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research  Department Of Physiotherapy Room Number B34 Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed To Be University) Mullana Ambala Haryana 133207 Ambala, HARYANA
Ambala
HARYANA 
9671237316

bhawna.vats@mmumullana.org 
 
Details of Ethics Committee  
No of Ethics Committees= 1  
Name of Committee  Approval Status 
MAHARISHI MARKANDESHWAR INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SSCIENCE & RESEARCH  Approved 
 
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI  
Status 
Not Applicable 
 
Health Condition / Problems Studied  
Health Type  Condition 
Healthy Human Volunteers  Smartphone Users More Than One Year 
 
Intervention / Comparator Agent  
Type  Name  Details 
Comparator Agent  NIL  NIL 
 
Inclusion Criteria  
Age From  18.00 Year(s)
Age To  35.00 Year(s)
Gender  Both 
Details  Male and female college going students.
Age group between 18 to 25 years.
Regular smartphone users (minimum 1 to 2 hours per day).
Students who have been using smartphones for at least 1 year.
Willing to participate and sign informed consent form. 
 
ExclusionCriteria 
Details  age less than 18 yrs & more than 35 yrs ,history of neurological or musculoskeletal disorders, recent upper limb or cervical injury, unwilling to consent form. 
 
Method of Generating Random Sequence   Not Applicable 
Method of Concealment   Not Applicable 
Blinding/Masking   Not Applicable 
Primary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
Hand Grip Strength: – Jamar Dynamometer
Pinch Strength: – Pinch Gauge
Neck Muscle Endurance: – Flexor & Extensor Endurance Tests
Smartphone Addiction Scale:– Short Version (SAS–SV)  
Baseline 
 
Secondary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
NIL  NIL 
 
Target Sample Size   Total Sample Size="128"
Sample Size from India="128" 
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials" 
Phase of Trial   N/A 
Date of First Enrollment (India)   15/03/2026 
Date of Study Completion (India) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Date of First Enrollment (Global)  Date Missing 
Date of Study Completion (Global) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Estimated Duration of Trial   Years="0"
Months="6"
Days="0" 
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)
Modification(s)  
Not Applicable 
Recruitment Status of Trial (India)  Open to Recruitment 
Publication Details   N/A 
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement

Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?  

Response - NO
Brief Summary  

This study aims to compare smartphone usage and its effect on neck muscle endurance hand grip strength and pinch strength among male and female college going students. Excessive smartphone use has increased in young adults and may lead to reduced muscle endurance altered posture and decreased hand function. Prolonged neck flexion posture during smartphone use can influence cervical muscle performance and repetitive hand activities may affect grip and pinch strength.This observational cross sectional study will include college students aged 18 to 25 years who are regular smartphone users. Smartphone usage duration will be recorded using a structured questionnaire  Neck muscle endurance will be assessed using standard endurance testing procedures  Hand grip strength will be measured using a handheld dynamometer and pinch strength will be measured using a pinch gauge. Measurements will be taken in a standardized position to ensure accuracy The study will compare the outcomes between male and female students to identify any gender based differences. The findings may help in understanding the musculoskeletal impact of smartphone usage in young adults and may assist in developing preventive strategies and awareness programs to reduce future risk of neck and upper limb problems.

 
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