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CTRI Number  CTRI/2026/03/106507 [Registered on: 18/03/2026] Trial Registered Prospectively
Last Modified On: 17/03/2026
Post Graduate Thesis  Yes 
Type of Trial  Interventional 
Type of Study   Physiotherapy (Not Including YOGA) 
Study Design  Randomized, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial 
Public Title of Study   Effect of Foam Rolling and PNF Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in University Athletes. 
Scientific Title of Study   Effect of Foam Rolling with Contract Relax Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in University Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial 
Trial Acronym  NA 
Secondary IDs if Any  
Secondary ID  Identifier 
NIL  NIL 
 
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)  
Name  Dr Abdur Raheem Khan 
Designation  Head And Professor Department Of Physiotherapy 
Affiliation  Integral University  
Address  Department Of Physiotherapy, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026 Lucknow UTTAR PRADESH 226026 India

Lucknow
UTTAR PRADESH
226026
India 
Phone  9616739965  
Fax    
Email  abdurraheem@iul.ac.in  
 
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query  
Name  Dr Abdur Raheem Khan 
Designation  Head And Professor Department Of Physiotherapy 
Affiliation  Integral University  
Address  Department Of Physiotherapy, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026 Lucknow UTTAR PRADESH 226026 India

Lucknow
UTTAR PRADESH
226026
India 
Phone  9616739965  
Fax    
Email  abdurraheem@iul.ac.in  
 
Details of Contact Person
Public Query  
Name  Dr Abdur Raheem Khan 
Designation  Head And Professor Department Of Physiotherapy 
Affiliation  Integral University  
Address  Department Of Physiotherapy, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026 Lucknow UTTAR PRADESH 226026 India

Lucknow
UTTAR PRADESH
226026
India 
Phone  9616739965  
Fax    
Email  abdurraheem@iul.ac.in  
 
Source of Monetary or Material Support  
Integral University, Lucknow, UP, India 226026 
 
Primary Sponsor  
Name  Prof Dr Abdur Raheem Khan 
Address  Department of Physiotherapy, Integral University Dasauli kursi road, Lucknow, UP 226026  
Type of Sponsor  Other [Self] 
 
Details of Secondary Sponsor  
Name  Address 
NIL  NIL 
 
Countries of Recruitment     India  
Sites of Study  
No of Sites = 1  
Name of Principal Investigator  Name of Site  Site Address  Phone/Fax/Email 
Noor Saba  Integral University   Department Of Physiotherapy OPD, Integral Hospital, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026 Lucknow UTTAR PRADESH 226026 India
Lucknow
UTTAR PRADESH 		 09506416154

noorsaba010919@gmail.com 
 
Details of Ethics Committee  
No of Ethics Committees= 1  
Name of Committee  Approval Status 
Institutional Ethical Committee   Approved 
 
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI  
Status 
Not Applicable 
 
Health Condition / Problems Studied  
Health Type  Condition 
Healthy Human Volunteers  Athletes  
 
Intervention / Comparator Agent  
Type  Name  Details 
Intervention  Foam Rolling Contract Relax(PNF) Streching   Warm-Up Protocol General Warm-Up (5-10 minutes): Light jogging, dynamic walking or cycling to elevate temperature and increase blood flow. Dynamic Stretching (5 minutes): Leg swings (10 reps/leg) Walking lunges (10 reps/leg) High knees and butt kicks (30 seconds each). FOAM ROLLING: Subjects performed slides on FR using their body weight on hamstring muscle with the duration of 60 sec and a rest period of 30 sec between 2 repletion. The completion of 2 repletion is considered 1 set and for the protocol subjects will perform 2 sets, for four weeks on alternate days total 14 sessions. CONTRACTRELAX PNF: Participants were seated in a long sitting position on a plinth with knee extended as much as possible, participants performed a maximal isometric contraction of hamstring muscle for 5 sec and a 5 sec relaxation period followed the contraction, then the therapist applied a passive stretch to the hamstring, holding it for 20 sec. This sequence repeated 5 times, total 150 sec of intervention, for four weeks on alternate days total 14 sessions.  
Comparator Agent  Self Stretching & exercises  Control Group (self-stretching + normal warm-up) General Warm-Up (5-10 minutes): Light jogging or dynamic walking to elevate temperature and increase blood flow. Following the warm-up, the control group performed static self-stretching of the hamstrings: Stretch Type: Seated hamstring stretch (reaching forward with knees extended) Hold Time: 30 seconds Repetitions: 3 repetitions per leg Rest: 15–30 seconds between each stretch 
 
Inclusion Criteria  
Age From  18.00 Year(s)
Age To  25.00 Year(s)
Gender  Both 
Details  University Athletes age 18-25 years
Both male and female
Individuals who regularly participate in university-level sports or training programs.
Participants who are willing to provide informed consent and comply with the study protocol
 
 
ExclusionCriteria 
Details  History of recent hamstring injury
Any kind of surgery of lower limb in previous 6 month
Contraindication to stretching /foam rolling
Participants with neuromuscular disorders, joint instability, or any musculoskeletal condition affecting the lower limbs.
Individuals currently undergoing physiotherapy or flexibility training programs targeting the hamstrings.
 
 
Method of Generating Random Sequence   Coin toss, Lottery, toss of dice, shuffling cards etc 
Method of Concealment   Sequentially numbered, sealed, opaque envelopes 
Blinding/Masking   Participant Blinded 
Primary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
Dynamic Flexibility
Active straight leg raise test
Vertical jump test
Active Knee active knee extension test (AKET)
 		 4 weeks  
 
Secondary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
NIL  NIL 
 
Target Sample Size   Total Sample Size="60"
Sample Size from India="60" 
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials" 
Phase of Trial   N/A 
Date of First Enrollment (India)   01/04/2026 
Date of Study Completion (India) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Date of First Enrollment (Global)  Date Missing 
Date of Study Completion (Global) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Estimated Duration of Trial   Years="0"
Months="6"
Days="0" 
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)   Not Yet Recruiting 
Recruitment Status of Trial (India)  Not Yet Recruiting 
Publication Details   N/A 
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement

Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?  

Response - YES
  1. What data in particular will be shared?
    Response - Individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article, after de-identification (text, tables, figures, and appendices).

  2. What additional supporting information will be shared?
    Response -  Study Protocol

  3. Who will be able to view these files?
    Response - Anyone

  4. For what types of analyses will this data be available?
    Response - To achieve aims in the approved proposal.

  5. By what mechanism will data be made available?
    Response - Proposals should be directed to [abdurraheem@iul.ac.in].

  6. For how long will this data be available start date provided 01-04-2026 and end date provided 02-05-2027?
    Response - Immediately following publication. No end date.

  7. Any URL or additional information regarding plan/policy for sharing IPD? 
    Additional Information - NIL
Brief Summary   This study aims to examine the effectiveness of combining foam rolling with Contract-Relax PNF stretching on hamstring flexibility in university athletes, thereby contributing valuable insights to evidence-based sports training and physiotherapy practices.60 participants will be recruited including both male and female. All the participants included in the study will be on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the participants will be provided a written consent form for their voluntary participation. The entire demographic data or characteristics such as name, age, gender, sex, height, weight, occupation will be recorded and testing procedure will be explained to the participant. One group will receive PNF and Foam rolling other will receive self stretching. Outcome variable used will be Dynamic Flexibility, Active straight leg raise test, Vertical jump test, Active Knee active knee extension test (AKET). Data will be recorder at baseline and after 4 weeks.  
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