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CTRI Number  CTRI/2025/10/095610 [Registered on: 06/10/2025] Trial Registered Prospectively
Last Modified On: 04/10/2025
Post Graduate Thesis  Yes 
Type of Trial  Interventional 
Type of Study   Dentistry 
Study Design  Randomized, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial 
Public Title of Study   Clinical Effectiveness Of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticle-Coated Orthodontic Thermoformed Retainers - A Randomized Controlled Trial 
Scientific Title of Study   Clinical, Microbiological, Mechanical and Optical Behaviour Of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticle coated Orthodontic Thermoformed Retainers - A Randomized Controlled Trial 
Trial Acronym  NIL 
Secondary IDs if Any  
Secondary ID  Identifier 
NIL  NIL 
 
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)  
Name  Saathvika Srinivasan 
Designation  Post Graduate Resident 
Affiliation  Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals 
Address  Department Of Orthodontics Clinic 27, 5th floor Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India

Chennai
TAMIL NADU
600077
India 
Phone  7358559472  
Fax    
Email  152308004.sdc@saveetha.com  
 
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query
 
Name  Ravindra Kumar Jain 
Designation  Professor, Head Of The Department 
Affiliation  Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals 
Address  Department Of Orthodontics Clinic 27, 5th Floor Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India

Chennai
TAMIL NADU
600077
India 
Phone  9884729660  
Fax    
Email  ravindrakumar@saveetha.com  
 
Details of Contact Person
Public Query
 
Name  Saathvika Srinivasan 
Designation  Post Graduate Resident 
Affiliation  Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals 
Address  Department of Orthodontics Clinic 27, 5th Floor Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India

Chennai
TAMIL NADU
600077
India 
Phone  7358559472  
Fax    
Email  152308004.sdc@saveetha.com  
 
Source of Monetary or Material Support  
NIL 
 
Primary Sponsor  
Name  Saathvika Srinivasan 
Address  Abirami Chateau, 41/21, Venkatratnam Nagar, Adyar, Chennai 600020 
Type of Sponsor  Other [Self] 
 
Details of Secondary Sponsor  
Name  Address 
NIL  NIL 
 
Countries of Recruitment     India  
Sites of Study  
No of Sites = 1  
Name of Principal Investigator  Name of Site  Site Address  Phone/Fax/Email 
Dr Saathvika Srinivasan  Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals  Department Of Orthodontics, Clinic 27,5th Floor, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai 600077
Chennai
TAMIL NADU 
7358559472

152308004.sdc@saveetha.com 
 
Details of Ethics Committee  
No of Ethics Committees= 1  
Name of Committee  Approval Status 
Institutional Human Ethical Committee  Approved 
 
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI  
Status 
Not Applicable 
 
Health Condition / Problems Studied  
Health Type  Condition 
Patients  (1) ICD-10 Condition: K089||Disorder of teeth and supporting structures, unspecified,  
 
Intervention / Comparator Agent  
Type  Name  Details 
Intervention  Thermoformed retainers coated with Zirconium Oxide Nanopartciles.   Patients who have completed active orthodontic treatment and require retention with Zirconium Oxide-nanoparticle coated Thermoformed retainers. Patients will be followed up for 6 months to assess their clinical, microbiological, mechanical, and optical outcomes 
Comparator Agent  Uncoated Thermoformed Retainers  Patients who have completed active orthodontic treatment and require retention with standard uncoated Thermoformed retainers. Patients will be followed up for 6 months to assess their clinical, microbiological, mechanical, and optical outcomes 
 
Inclusion Criteria  
Age From  10.00 Year(s)
Age To  30.00 Year(s)
Gender  Both 
Details  Completed comprehensive orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances requiring full-arch retention.
Patients indicated for thermoformed Retainers.
Willing to comply with the follow-up schedule and provide informed consent. 
 
ExclusionCriteria 
Details  Patients treated with Removable Appliances
Patients with systemic diseases affecting oral health.
Smokers or tobacco users.
Poor oral hygiene or untreated caries/periodontal disease.
Patients with bruxism or parafunctional habits.
Patients with a known allergy to PET-G or Zirconia 
 
Method of Generating Random Sequence   Computer generated randomization 
Method of Concealment   Sequentially numbered, sealed, opaque envelopes 
Blinding/Masking   Participant and Outcome Assessor Blinded 
Primary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
Plaque biofilm formation, microbial adhesion,
Water sorption, Coating wear, Dimensional Stability,
Transparency and staining  
Baseline, 6 months 
 
Secondary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
NIL  NIL 
 
Target Sample Size   Total Sample Size="22"
Sample Size from India="22" 
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials" 
Phase of Trial   N/A 
Date of First Enrollment (India)   15/10/2025 
Date of Study Completion (India) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Date of First Enrollment (Global)  Date Missing 
Date of Study Completion (Global) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Estimated Duration of Trial   Years="0"
Months="6"
Days="0" 
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)   Not Yet Recruiting 
Recruitment Status of Trial (India)  Not Yet Recruiting 
Publication Details   N/A 
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement

Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?  

Response - YES
  1. What data in particular will be shared?
    Response - Individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article, after de-identification (text, tables, figures, and appendices).

  2. What additional supporting information will be shared?
    Response -  Study Protocol
    Response -  Statistical Analysis Plan
    Response - Clinical Study Report

  3. Who will be able to view these files?
    Response - Researchers whose proposed use of the data has been approved by an independent review committee identified for this purpose.

  4. For what types of analyses will this data be available?
    Response - For individual participant data meta-analysis.

  5. By what mechanism will data be made available?
    Response - Proposals should be directed to [152308004.sdc@saveetha.com].

  6. For how long will this data be available start date provided 05-12-2025 and end date provided 04-09-2026?
    Response - Immediately following publication. No end date.

  7. Any URL or additional information regarding plan/policy for sharing IPD? 
    Additional Information - NO
Brief Summary  

Title:
Clinical, Microbiological, Mechanical, and Optical Behaviour of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticle-coated Orthodontic Thermoformed Retainers - A Randomized Controlled Trial

Aim:
To compare and evaluate the Clinical, Microbiological, Mechanical, and Optical performance of Uncoated orthodontic thermoformed retainers and Zirconium Oxide nanoparticle-coated orthodontic thermoformed retainers.

Objectives:

  1. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness including retention characteristics

  2. To examine biological properties such as plaque biofilm formation and microbial adhesion.

  3. To determine mechanical properties, including water sorption, dimensional stability, and coating wear.

  4. To analyze optical properties, including transparency and staining over time.

Rationale:
Thermoformed retainers are widely used for orthodontic retention, but they are prone to discoloration, biofilm accumulation, and mechanical wear, affecting their clinical performance and esthetics. This study aims to evaluate whether material modifications can improve the biological safety, mechanical durability, and optical stability of retainers compared to conventional ones.

Sample Size:
22 participants (11 per group). 

Group 1: Uncoated thermoformed retainers 

Group 2: Zirconium Oxide nanoparticle-coated thermoformed retainers

Methodology:
This is a randomized controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial. Participants who have completed orthodontic treatment will be randomly assigned to Group 1 and Group 2.

Randomization will be done using a computer-generated sequence with allocation concealment through sealed envelopes. Outcome assessment will be double-blinded. Clinical, microbiological, mechanical, and optical parameters will be recorded at baseline (T0) and after 6 months (T1). Data collection will include standardized measurements along with photographic documentation.

Ethical Considerations:
The study has been applied for Institutional Ethics Committee approval. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants (and from parents/guardians in case of minors) before inclusion in the trial.

 
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