This interventional study evaluated the relevance of Albert Bandura’s social cognitive learning theory in improving oral health behaviors among 115 children aged 4–6 years by comparing a modified Bobo doll–based prosocial modeling approach and toothbrushing demonstration method. Children observed modeled verbal and motor behaviors through videos and were assessed for both acquisition (without incentives) and performance (with incentives). The results showed that while children were able to acquire behaviors through observational learning, the performance of these behaviors significantly increased after the introduction of incentives (p < 0.05), highlighting the critical role of motivation. Motor behaviors were imitated more frequently than verbal cues, and older children demonstrated better performance than younger ones, with minimal gender differences overall. The findings reinforce that  modeled demonstrations combined with positive reinforcement effectively translate learned behaviors into practice, making this approach highly valuable for pediatric oral health education.