Asthma is a complex and heterogeneous condition primarily involving chronic inflammation of the airways, with variable expiratory airflow limitation. As reported in the Global Asthma Report 2022, approximately 262 million individuals worldwide were living with asthma in 2019. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) indicate that the prevalence of current wheeze in children has bimodal age representation.

The causes of uncontrollable asthma include poor compliance to treatment, improper inhaler technique, continuous exposure to environmental irritants like smoke, pollen, dust can tigger asthma, hypovitaminosis like Vitamin D deficiency , seen in abundantly in winter season and in children with minimal outdoor physical activities, and presence of comorbidities like allergic rhinitis, GERD, obesity and other psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression can exacerbate asthma and compliance on treatment. In uncontrollable asthmatic children, sudden limitations are being elicited like restrictions on physical activity, frequent school absenteeism, poor sleep quality, psychological impact, dependence on medications and caregivers are seen more, also increased risk of emergency visits and hospitalizations.