Dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal symptom complex characterized by chronic or recurrent upper abdominal discomfort, including epigastric pain, postprandial fullness, early satiety, bloating, nausea, and heartburn. It represents a significant clinical burden due to its high prevalence and impact on quality of life. Dyspepsia may be broadly classified into organic dyspepsia, where an identifiable structural or biochemical cause is present, and functional (non-ulcer) dyspepsia, where no organic pathology is detected on routine investigations, including upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

This observational cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the clinico-etiological profile of adult patients presenting with dyspeptic features and to categorize them into organic and functional dyspepsia based on clinical assessment and investigative findings. The study will be conducted in the Department of Medicine at Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, over a period from September 2025 to February 2027.

A total of 100 patients aged 18 years and above presenting with dyspeptic symptoms will be enrolled. All participants will undergo detailed clinical evaluation, relevant laboratory investigations, ultrasonography of the abdomen, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Based on endoscopic findings, patients will be classified into organic or functional dyspepsia groups. The diagnostic yield of endoscopy and the distribution of etiological factors will be analyzed.

The findings of this study are expected to enhance understanding of the clinical patterns and etiologies of dyspepsia, assist in rational use of diagnostic endoscopy, and support more targeted and cost-effective management strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings.