This analytical cross-sectional study assessed the impact of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), caregiver perceptions, and dentine hypersensitivity in children aged 8–12 years (n = 170).

Primary outcomes included the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ), Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (PCPQ), and Schiff cold sensitivity scale. Children with MIH demonstrated significantly higher CPQ scores across all domains- oral symptoms, functional limitation, emotional, and social well-being, indicating markedly poorer OHRQoL (p < 0.001). Similarly, PCPQ findings revealed a significantly greater negative impact on both family functioning and caregiver perception in the MIH group (p < 0.001). Dentine hypersensitivity scores were also significantly higher in children with MIH and showed a strong positive association with increasing disease severity and symptom burden.

Secondary outcomes included dental fear and anxiety (CFSS-DS) and global self-assessment of oral health and well-being. Children with MIH exhibited significantly higher dental fear and anxiety levels (p < 0.001) and reported poorer global ratings, with the majority perceiving their oral health and well-being as “moderate” or “poor.”

Overall, MIH was found to significantly impair quality of life, increase hypersensitivity, and adversely affect both children and their caregivers, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and targeted management strategies.