The present study titled Comparative Evaluation of Three Different Intracanal Medicaments on the Interappointment Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study is a single center, randomized, parallel group, in vivo clinical trial being conducted at Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Rajnandgaon. The primary objective of the study is to compare the effectiveness of three intracanal medicaments Calcium Hydroxide, Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste (mTAP), and Ferumoxytol, in reducing interappointment pain in patients undergoing endodontic treatment. Pain during the interval between endodontic appointments remains a significant clinical concern, often attributed to persistent bacterial infection within the root canal system. Although calcium hydroxide is widely used as an intracanal medicament, its limitations, such as inefficacy against resistant strains like Enterococcus faecalis, necessitate exploring alternative agents. Modified TAP, which substitutes minocycline with cefaclor to prevent tooth discoloration, has demonstrated enhanced antimicrobial properties. Recently, Ferumoxytol, an FDA-approved iron oxide nanoparticle with peroxidase like activity, has emerged as a potential novel intracanal medicament due to its biofilm-disrupting capabilities.

A total of 45 patients aged between 18 and 55 years, with single rooted maxillary or mandibular teeth indicated for root canal treatment, will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of the three study groups n-15 per group using the lottery method. The assigned intracanal medicament will be placed following standardized biomechanical preparation of the canals. Pain intensity will be evaluated using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) at 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours post-treatment. Final obturation will be carried out on the seventh day. The evaluator assessing the pain outcomes will be blinded to the group allocation to eliminate assessment bias. Data will be statistically analyzed using ANOVA with post hoc Tukey tests, and significance will be determined at p value more than 0.05.

This study aims to generate clinical evidence on the comparative efficacy of conventional and novel intracanal medicaments in managing postoperative endodontic pain, with particular emphasis on Ferumoxytol, which is being investigated in this context for the first time. The outcome may inform future protocols in root canal disinfection and pain management. Ethical clearance has been obtained, and informed consent will be taken from all participants before enrollment.