1. What data in particular will be shared?
   Response - All of the individual participant data collected during the trial, after de-identification.
   


2. What additional supporting information will be shared?
   Response -  Study Protocol
   
   
3. Who will be able to view these files?
   Response - Researchers whose proposed use of the data has been approved by an independent review committee identified for this purpose.
   


4. For what types of analyses will this data be available?
   Response - To achieve aims in the approved proposal.
   


5. By what mechanism will data be made available?
   Response - Proposals should be directed to [sumitchikara124@gmail.com].
   


6. For how long will this data be available start date provided 01-09-2025 and end date provided 01-03-2027?
   Response - Beginning 9 months and ending 36 months following article publication.
   


7. Any URL or additional information regarding plan/policy for sharing IPD? 
   Additional Information - NIL

Central venous cannulation (CVC) is a vital intervention in the operation theatre, intensive

care unit, and emergency room. Common clinical applications of CVC include central

venous pressure (CVP) monitoring in major surgeries, administration of drugs,

hyperosmolar solutions and blood products.

Internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation being the most adopted route for central venous

access, it is associated with several problems like proximity to neck vessels leading to

arterial puncture, and difficulty in access in obese, edematous, and hypovolemic patients.

The subclavian vein is advantageous anatomically owing to its huge caliber, absence of

valves, and support of surrounding structures which keeps the vein patent even in shock.

Traditionally, the internal jugular vein (IJV) and subclavian vein have been the preferred sites

for central venous access.

With advances in technology, the use of ultrasound has become the standard of care in

medical practice overcoming the limitations of landmark-based techniques. Ultrasound allows

realtime visualization of the vein ensuring successful cannulation with fewer attempts and

less complication rate.However, the choice between these two approaches remains a

subject of clinical debate, especially with the advent of ultrasound guidance, which has

significantly improved the accuracy and safety of these procedures.

As anesthesiologist Tomasz Czarnik and co-authors (2009) say: “In conclusion, subclavian

venous cannulation via the supraclavicular approach is an excellent method of central venous

access in anesthesia. The procedure success rate and the significant complication rate are

comparable to other techniques of central venous cannulation especially to jugular access,

which is regarded by most physicians as the safest one. Mechanical ventilation is not a risk

factor associated with significant complications. The supraclavicular approach should be

considered, especially in neuroanesthesia, where the right jugular approach could be

associated with cerebral perfusion pressure reduction, intracranial pressure elevation, and

venous stasis. The supraclavicular approach seems to be more comfortable than the jugular

approach in a conscious patient. This method can be successfully and relatively safely used

as a primary or alternative technique when other catheterization sites are not available to

augment the spectrum of catheterization possibilities, even in mechanically ventilated

patients”.

This thesis aims to compare the efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes of ultrasound-guided

internal jugular vein and supraclavicular subclavian vein cannulation.