Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis is a chronic condition of the oral cavity characterized by inflammation and fibrosis in the mucosa and submucosa leading to mouth rigidity and difficulty opening the mouth Symptoms include a burning sensation intolerance to spicy foods ulcers and loss of taste The primary cause is the habitual chewing of areca nut betel nut often combined with tobacco though other factors like excessive spice consumption smoking and genetic predisposition also contribute

OSMF has a high morbidity rate due to eating difficulties and nutritional deficiencies and it can lead to oral cancer often progressing from lesions like leukoplakia or OSMF itself In India approximately twenty three point nine percent of the adult population consumes areca nut with a high prevalence of oral malignancies linked to this habit

Current treatment includes nutritional support physiotherapy steroids and surgical interventions though these are often limited in effectiveness and have side effects There is growing interest in herbal treatments with a focus on Khamira Banafsha and Barg i Rehan Sabz in Unani medicine as potential alternatives for managing OSMF Despite existing treatments recurrence remains common highlighting the need for more effective and holistic solutions