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CTRI Number  CTRI/2025/08/092731 [Registered on: 11/08/2025] Trial Registered Prospectively
Last Modified On: 08/08/2025
Post Graduate Thesis  Yes 
Type of Trial  Interventional 
Type of Study   Physiotherapy (Not Including YOGA) 
Study Design  Randomized, Parallel Group Trial 
Public Title of Study   Improving Knee Stability in Athletes After ACL Injury Through Proprioceptive and Plyometric Training 
Scientific Title of Study   Effectiveness of Proprioceptive and Plyometric Training on Joint Stability in Athletes Following ACL Injury 
Trial Acronym  NIL 
Secondary IDs if Any  
Secondary ID  Identifier 
NIL  NIL 
 
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)  
Name  Mamun Mahmud  
Designation  Post-graduate Student 
Affiliation  Jashore University of Science and Technology 
Address  Room No 304, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore- 7408, Bangladesh.



7408
Other 
Phone  8801882481631  
Fax    
Email  mahmudmamun812@gmail.com  
 
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query  
Name  Mamun Mahmud  
Designation  Post-graduate Student 
Affiliation  Jashore University of Science and Technology 
Address  Room No 304, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore- 7408, Bangladesh.



7408
Other 
Phone  8801882481631  
Fax    
Email  mahmudmamun812@gmail.com  
 
Details of Contact Person
Public Query  
Name  Dr. Zahid Hossain  
Designation  Assistant Professor 
Affiliation  Jashore University of Science and Technology 
Address  Room No 302, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore- 7408, Bangladesh.



7408
Other 
Phone  880101670962775  
Fax    
Email  mz.hossain@just.edu.bd   
 
Source of Monetary or Material Support  
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore-7408, Bangladesh.  
 
Primary Sponsor  
Name  Dr Ehsanur Rahman 
Address  Room No 401, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore-7408, Bangladesh. 
Type of Sponsor  Other [University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore-7408, Bangladesh.] 
 
Details of Secondary Sponsor  
Name  Address 
NIL  NIL 
 
Countries of Recruitment     Bangladesh  
Sites of Study  
No of Sites = 1  
Name of Principal Investigator  Name of Site  Site Address  Phone/Fax/Email 
Dr Md Kabir Hossain   Dr. M R Khan Medical Center, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7408, Bangladesh.  Room no: 306, 2nd floor, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7408, Bangladesh.

 		 8801778315139

mkb.hossain@just.edu.bd 
 
Details of Ethics Committee  
No of Ethics Committees= 1  
Name of Committee  Approval Status 
Institutional Review Board of Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, JUST   Approved 
 
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI  
Status 
Not Applicable 
 
Health Condition / Problems Studied  
Health Type  Condition 
Patients  (1) ICD-10 Condition: S835||Sprain of cruciate ligament of knee,  
 
Intervention / Comparator Agent  
Type  Name  Details 
Intervention  1. Proprioception Training: for 30 minutes 2. Plyometric Training: for 30 minutes  Proprioception Training: for 30 minutes 1. Single-stance balance exercise performed on: a stable surface, an unstable surface (foam), and an unstable surface (wobble board) with open eyes and closed eyes. 2. Single-stance balance exercise throws the ball in different directions on a stable and unstable surface. 3. Single-stance balance exercise proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) with TheraBand. 4. Single-leg cone pick-up 5. Single-leg balance with ball toss Plyometric Training: for 30 minutes. 1. Standing vertical hops 2 sets, 8 reps. 2. Counter movement jump (CMJ) 2 sets, 8 reps. 3. Depth jumps 2 sets, 8 reps. 4. Multiple two-foot hurdle jumps (hurdle height 0.55m) 2sets, 8 reps. 5. Two-foot jumps forward and backward 2 sets, 8 reps. 6. Single foot jumps 3 sets, 10 reps. 7. Lateral two-foot jumps 3 sets, 10 reps. For 8 weeks. 
Comparator Agent  Conventional therapy  1. Passive ROM, Patellar mobilization for 5 minutes. 2. Hamstring, quadriceps, calf, hip flexor stretches exercise for 10 minutes and 3 reps, 30 sec, 15 sec rest. 3. Isometric quads 5 minutes and 10 reps, 3sets, 10 sec hold, 15 sec rest. 4. Hamstring curls for 5 minutes and 10 reps, 3sets,15 sec rest. 5. Heel slides for 5 minutes and 10 reps x 3 sets, 2 hold 6. Bridging with double or single leg for 15 minutes and 10 reps x 3 sets, 5 sec hold, 5 sec rest. 7. Closed-chain exercises (mini squats) for 5 minutes and 10 reps x 2 sets, 5 sec rest. 8. Sit-to-stand for 5 minutes and 10 reps x 3 sets, 5 sec rest. 9. Step-ups for 5 minutes and 10 reps x 3 sets, 5 sec rest. For 8 weeks. 
 
Inclusion Criteria  
Age From  18.00 Year(s)
Age To  35.00 Year(s)
Gender  Both 
Details  1. Athletes aged 18-35 years.
2. Both male and female athletes.
3. Unilateral ACL injury or ACL reconstruction.
4. No history or signs of injury in the contralateral knee.
5. Knee ROM greater than 100° flexion and complete extension.
6. Willing to participate in the intervention and follow-up testing as outlined in the protocol.
7. BMI is 30 or less. 
 
ExclusionCriteria 
Details  1. Athletes with a history of muscle or joint injuries.
2. Athletes who had already followed a pre-operative rehabilitation program.
3. Athletes with complications after surgery.
4. Pregnant athletes and those who were taking anti-inflammatory drugs or muscle relaxers were also excluded.
5. Open wound, any active infection, and incontinence during exercise.
6. Usage of opioid analgesics or systemic corticosteroids within the last four weeks.
7. Inability to do exercise.
8. Unwillingness to participate in the study.
9. Engagement in out-of-schedule exercises.  
 
Method of Generating Random Sequence   Computer generated randomization 
Method of Concealment   On-site computer system 
Blinding/Masking   Participant and Outcome Assessor Blinded 
Primary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
Joint Stability: Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT)  2 Months 
 
Secondary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
Functional Score: IKDC or KOOS questionnaire
Pain: Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Return to sport readiness: ACL-Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale 		 2 Months 
 
Target Sample Size   Total Sample Size="62"
Sample Size from India="0" 
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials" 
Phase of Trial   N/A 
Date of First Enrollment (India)   20/08/2025 
Date of Study Completion (India) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Date of First Enrollment (Global)  20/08/2025 
Date of Study Completion (Global) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Estimated Duration of Trial   Years="0"
Months="6"
Days="0" 
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)   Open to Recruitment 
Recruitment Status of Trial (India)  Not Yet Recruiting 
Publication Details   N/A 
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement

Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?  

Response - YES
  1. What data in particular will be shared?
    Response - All of the individual participant data collected during the trial, after de-identification.

  2. What additional supporting information will be shared?
    Response -  Study Protocol

  3. Who will be able to view these files?
    Response - Anyone

  4. For what types of analyses will this data be available?
    Response - To achieve aims in the approved proposal.

  5. By what mechanism will data be made available?
    Response - Proposals should be directed to [mahmudmamun812@gmail.com].

  6. For how long will this data be available start date provided 02-07-2025 and end date provided 02-07-2030?
    Response - Immediately following publication. No end date.

  7. Any URL or additional information regarding plan/policy for sharing IPD? 
    Additional Information - NIL
Brief Summary   This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of combined proprioceptive and plyometric training on joint stability in athletes following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. A total of 62 athletes aged 18 to 35 years with unilateral ACL injury or post-ACL reconstruction will be randomly allocated into two groups. The experimental group will receive proprioceptive and plyometric training for 60 minutes per session in addition to conventional therapy, while the control group will receive only conventional physiotherapy. The proprioceptive training includes single-leg balance exercises on stable and unstable surfaces, ball toss, PNF with resistance band, cone pick-up, and dynamic balance tasks. Plyometric exercises include vertical hops, counter movement jumps, depth jumps, two-foot and single-foot hurdle and directional jumps. The control group will receive range of motion, stretching, isometric and closed-chain strengthening exercises, gait training, and functional tasks such as sit-to-stand and step-ups. The intervention will be delivered over 6 weeks. The primary outcome is joint stability, measured using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Secondary outcomes include knee function (IKDC or KOOS questionnaire), pain (Visual Analog Scale), and psychological readiness to return to sport (ACL-RSI scale). The findings will help inform evidence-based rehabilitation practices for athletes recovering from ACL injury. 
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