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CTRI Number  CTRI/2025/06/089636 [Registered on: 26/06/2025] Trial Registered Prospectively
Last Modified On: 25/06/2025
Post Graduate Thesis  Yes 
Type of Trial  Interventional 
Type of Study   Physiotherapy (Not Including YOGA) 
Study Design  Randomized, Parallel Group Trial 
Public Title of Study   Diaphragmatic Breathing and Core Stability for Desk Worker having Chronic Non specific Low Back Pain and function 
Scientific Title of Study   Effect of diaphragmatic breathing exercises and core stabilization exercises on pain function and core strength in desktop workers with chronic non-specific low back pain A randomised controlled trial  
Trial Acronym  NIL 
Secondary IDs if Any  
Secondary ID  Identifier 
NIL  NIL 
 
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)  
Name  Dr Smita Shinde  
Designation  Associate professor 
Affiliation  Dr D Y Patil college of physiotherapy pune 
Address  Dr D Y Patil college of physiotherapy Sant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri Pune

Pune
MAHARASHTRA
411018
India 
Phone  9028151551  
Fax    
Email  smita.shinde@dpu.edu.in   
 
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query  
Name  Dr Smita Shinde  
Designation  Associate professor 
Affiliation  Dr D Y Patil college of physiotherapy pune 
Address  Dr D Y Patil college of physiotherapy Sant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri Pune

Pune
MAHARASHTRA
411018
India 
Phone  9028151551  
Fax    
Email  smita.shinde@dpu.edu.in   
 
Details of Contact Person
Public Query  
Name  Simran kukreja 
Designation  Post Graduate student 
Affiliation  Dr D Y Patil college of physiotherapy Sant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri Pune  
Address  Dr D Y Patil college of physiotherapy Sant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri Pune
Dr D Y Patil college of physiotherapy Sant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri Pune
Pune
MAHARASHTRA
411018
India 
Phone  9168112292  
Fax    
Email  kukrejasimran92@gmail.com  
 
Source of Monetary or Material Support  
DR DY Patil College of Physiotherapy Sant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri Pune 411018 
 
Primary Sponsor  
Name  Dr D Y Patil college of physiotherapy  
Address  DR DY Patil College of Physiotherapy Sant tukaram nagar pimpri pune 411018 
Type of Sponsor  Research institution and hospital 
 
Details of Secondary Sponsor  
Name  Address 
NIL  NIL 
 
Countries of Recruitment     India  
Sites of Study  
No of Sites = 1  
Name of Principal Investigator  Name of Site  Site Address  Phone/Fax/Email 
Dr Simran Kukreja  Dr D.Y. Patil College of Physiotherapy  Dr D.Y. Patil College of Physiotherapy Sant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri Chinchwad Pune Maharashtra 411018
Pune
MAHARASHTRA 		 09168112292

kukrejasimran92@gmail.com 
 
Details of Ethics Committee  
No of Ethics Committees= 1  
Name of Committee  Approval Status 
institutional ethics committe of Dr D Y Patil College of Physiotherapy Pune  Approved 
 
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI  
Status 
Not Applicable 
 
Health Condition / Problems Studied  
Health Type  Condition 
Healthy Human Volunteers  Desktop Workers with Chronic non specific low back pain 
 
Intervention / Comparator Agent  
Type  Name  Details 
Comparator Agent  Core stabilization exercises  The exercise program includes a series of movements targeting spinal mobility and core strengthening. Single Knee to Chest and Double Knee to Chest help improve spinal flexibility and reduce lower back stiffness. Prone Lying with One Leg Sliding strengthens the back extensors and enhances lumbar control. Crook Lying with Crunches activates the rectus abdominis and obliques to improve core stability. Supine Leg Lifts focus on strengthening the lower abdominal muscles and supporting the lumbar spine. Bridging Exercise strengthens the glutes and back muscles to improve pelvic and lumbar stability. Finally, Cycling in Supine enhances coordination and strengthens the abdominal muscles. 
Intervention  Diaphragmatic Breathing exercises and Core stabilization exercises  A structured 4-week progression of Abdominal Drawing-In Maneuver (ADIM) exercises. In Week 1, Prone ADIM (lying on the stomach) and Seated ADIM (in a chair with one arm raised), focusing on activating the Transversus Abdominis in low-effort positions and improving postural control. Week 2 Supine ADIM with heel slides in a crook-lying position and Quadruped ADIM with alternating leg lifts, aiming to enhance pelvic control and trunk stability. In Week 3, Bridging with ADIM to strengthen glutes and the lower back while maintaining core activation, and Swiss Ball ADIM to challenge balance and abdominal muscle control. Week 4 advanced to Squats with ADIM, promoting lower limb strength and stability, and Standing ADIM with arm and leg movements, incorporating dynamic balance, coordination, and proprioceptive training while maintaining core engagement.Throughout the intervention, diaphragmatic breathing will also be incorporated to promote deep core activation and support proper breathing patterns alongside abdominal control. 
 
Inclusion Criteria  
Age From  23.00 Year(s)
Age To  60.00 Year(s)
Gender  Both 
Details  1)Pain in the low back on most days for at least 3 months and at least half of the days in the past 6 months.
2)Pain severity of mild to moderate on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from (3 to less than or equal to 7)
3)Both Males and Females between 23 - 60 years.
4)Pain restricted to the low back.
5) Absence of neurological symptoms or deficit (eg, spontaneous paresthesias or motor deficit localizing to a nerve root distribution) or symptoms in the lower extremities (eg, spontaneous paresthesias).
 
 
ExclusionCriteria 
Details  1)Diagnosed specific causes of low back pain.
2)Respiratory diseases
3)Recent trauma to the lumbopelvic, abdominal, or thoracic regions.
 
 
Method of Generating Random Sequence   Computer generated randomization 
Method of Concealment   Not Applicable 
Blinding/Masking   Participant Blinded 
Primary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
1)Visual Analog Scale(VAS)
2)Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire
3)Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU)  		 1)Visual Analog Scale(VAS)
2)Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire
at Day 0 and after 4 weeks
3)Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU)  
 
Secondary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
NIL  NIL 
 
Target Sample Size   Total Sample Size="60"
Sample Size from India="60" 
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials" 
Phase of Trial   N/A 
Date of First Enrollment (India)   10/07/2025 
Date of Study Completion (India) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Date of First Enrollment (Global)  Date Missing 
Date of Study Completion (Global) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Estimated Duration of Trial   Years="0"
Months="6"
Days="0" 
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)   Not Applicable 
Recruitment Status of Trial (India)  Not Yet Recruiting 
Publication Details   N/A 
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement

Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?  

Response - NO
Brief Summary  

Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises and Core Stabilization Exercises on Pain, Function, and Core Strength in Desktop Workers with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomised Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of diaphragmatic breathing exercises combined with core stabilization exercises on pain, function, and core strength in individuals suffering from chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP), particularly those engaged in prolonged sitting due to desk-based occupations. A total of 60 participants will be recruited and randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. The study will be conducted over a period of four weeks, with supervised sessions three times per week. The outcomes will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU).

 
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