Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a major contributor to musculoskeletal disorders, affecting millions worldwide. The upper trapezius is one of the most commonly affected muscles, often linked to poor posture, prolonged screen time, and repetitive strain. Traditional interventions such as massage, dry needling, and stretching have demonstrated efficacy, but there is a growing need for evidence-based, non-invasive techniques like Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM). Recent advances in IASTM suggest that it can enhance myofascial release by stimulating mechanoreceptors, improving circulation, and modulating pain perception.

Studies indicate that IASTM, when combined with stretching or percussion therapy, may yield superior outcomes in reducing muscle stiffness and improving functional mobility. However, there is a lack of consensus on the optimal treatment combination for managing upper trapezius MTrP, necessitating further research. Additionally, the increasing reliance on technology has led to a surge in cases of neck and shoulder pain, emphasizing the urgency of developing effective physiotherapeutic interventions.

This study will compare the effectiveness of IASTM alone and in combination with stretching or percussion therapy. By identifying the most effective approach, this research will contribute to evidence-based rehabilitation strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of musculoskeletal disorders.