Direct exposure of the pulp to the oral environment breaks the integrity of the pulp-dentin complex, if not treated properly, will lead to apical periodontitis, which eventually requires root canal treatment or extraction^. The treatment widely practiced for exposed dental pulp is considered root canal treatment as healing of the pulp tissue is unpredictable. Direct pulp capping has been described as a method that utilizes regenerative capacity of human dental pulp cells. The procedure of pulp capping relies primarily on the ability of pulpal tissue to heal and its ability to form hard tissue barriers called reparative dentin.  Pulp capping material should provide a suitable condition to encourage regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex which will induce differentiation of odontoblast like cells, be antibacterial, biocompatible, and nontoxic.

Calcium hydroxide introduced in 1930 by Herman was considered gold standard for the treatment of direct pulp exposure by reparative dentine formation and strong antibacterial property. Drawbacks such as high solubility, low mechanical resistance and lack of bond to dentine often lead to tunnel defect formation with use of calcium hydroxide. ^[2] Many formulations have been proposed to overcome the drawback of calcium hydroxide such as resin infiltrate glass ionomer, calcium phosphate, bio-silicates material such as MTA and Biodentine, light cure tricalcium silicate cement.

Biodentine have high mechanical properties, excellent biocompatibility and bioactive behavior. Due to its good sealing ability with dentin, it is used as a dentin replacement material as pulp protection, temporary restoration, cervical filling, direct and pulp capping and pulpotomy.