This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of aluminium foil reflectorassisted phototherapy compared with standard LED phototherapy in term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia The findings showed that the use of aluminium foil reflectors produced a greater reduction in serum bilirubin levels after 24 hours a faster rate of bilirubin decline and a shorter total duration of therapy These results indicate that reflective materials around phototherapy units enhance light delivery to the neonate and improve bilirubin photoisomerization and elimination

aluminium foil reflectors were positioned around the phototherapy unit to redirect scattered light back toward the neonate, increasing the effective light intensity Aluminium foil reflects visible light producing a more uniform illumination field without requiring extra energy or light sources This enhanced irradiance likely explains the greater bilirubin reduction and shorter treatment duration observed in the reflector group The reflector setup improved the photochemical conversion of bilirubin to lumirubin and other photoisomers facilitating faster excretion

Existing evidence has shown that reflective surfaces can increase light intensity and improve treatment outcomes during phototherapy The present findings align with this concept and confirm that adding low-cost reflective materials can optimize the efficiency of modern LED based units Enhanced light utilization improves the therapeutic impact without expensive equipment upgrades an advantage for neonatal care units with limited resources or non uniform irradiance across the infants body

The faster bilirubin decline in the reflector group can be attributed to reduced light scattering and better photon absorption on the neonates skin surface Improved reflection allows a greater proportion of light to reach the dermal layer where bilirubin is concentrated thus increasing the rate of photoisomer formation

The studys findings hold important implications for neonatal care in low- and middle-income countries Many healthcare centers rely on older or single surface phototherapy units with limited irradiance In such contexts using simple and inexpensive materials like aluminium foil can markedly enhance treatment outcomes