Avabahuka, a condition described in Ayurveda, closely resembles Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis) in modern medicine. It is characterized by pain, stiffness, and restricted movement of the shoulder joint, which worsens with activity and improves with rest. The prevalence of Frozen Shoulder in the general population ranges from 2-5%, with a higher incidence in individuals aged 40-60 years and those with diabetes or thyroid disorders.

Avabahuka falls under Urdhvajatrugata Vata Vyadhi and is primarily a Vata-dominant disorder, though it can also have a Kapha association. When Vata Dosha is predominant, symptoms such as pain (Ruk), tingling (Spandan), pricking sensation (Tod), and numbness (Supti) are observed. If Kapha is also involved, symptoms like heaviness (Bharipan), drowsiness (Tandra), and loss of appetite (Aruchi) become prominent. The pathology is linked to Amsa Sandhi, where Vata provokes degeneration and Kapha depletion leads to dryness and stiffness, reducing joint lubrication.

Swedana (sudation therapy) is a crucial treatment modality in Ayurveda for Vata disorders, and among its various types, Patra Pinda Sweda (herbal poultice fomentation) and Churna Pinda Sweda (powder bolus fomentation) are widely used. These therapies aim to reduce pain, improve mobility, and restore function. The study aims to compare the efficacy of Patra Pinda Sweda and Churna Pinda Sweda in the management of Avabahuka, as mentioned in classical texts, and evaluate their therapeutic benefits through a randomized comparative clinical trial.