Introduction
Acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS) is a lung injury causing significant morbidity and
mortality in critically ill patients. The cause can be directly or indirectly
caused by factors such as pneumonia, toxic gas inhalation, sepsis, or trauma.
The etiology of ARDS may differ in India due to higher incidence of tropical
infectious diseases. Early diagnosis can be made by physicians with a high
index of suspicion and a thorough understanding of the disease’s natural
history. Careful assessment of oxygenation, ventilation, and acid base status
can help determine the need for intervention. The syndrome can be triggered by
various factors, including pulmonary or extrapulmonary sepsis, aspiration,
trauma, blood product transfusion, or pancreatitis. Non-invasive ventilation
(NIV) in ARDS is contentious, with no large definitive studies. Proper
treatment of precipitating infections is crucial for survival.
The Berlin
Definition is a set of diagnostic criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress
Syndrome (ARDS) that was proposed in 2012 as an update to the older
American-European Consensus Conference (AECC) criteria. The Berlin Definition
aimed to provide more specific and standardized criteria for the diagnosis of
ARDS. Here are the key components of the Berlin criteria for ARDS:
Timing:
ARDS symptoms start
within a week of a known problem or worsening breathing.
Chest Imaging:
X-ray or CT scan shows
cloudy areas in both lungs.
Cause of Breathing
Trouble:
Breathing trouble is
not solely due to heart issues or too much fluid.
Oxygen Levels:
Oxygen levels in the
blood are measured by the PaO2/FiO2 ratio.
ARDS is
classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on this ratio.
Aims and objectives
Aims:
To study clinical
profile of ARDS.
Objectives
1.To study etiological
and clinical profile of ARDS.
2.To study clinical
characteristics , diagnostics and therapeutic modalities in ARDS.
3.To study outcome in
patients of ARDS.
Materials and
Methods
STUDY DESIGN-
PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL
STUDY
DURATION: JANUARY 2024-
DECEMBER 2025
STUDY POPULATION : PATIENT WITH ARDS IN AVBRH
INCLUSION
CRITERIA
1.Patients fulfilling
berlin’s definition of ARDS
EXCLUSION
CRITERIA
1.Patients with age
<18years
2.Patients or pt
relatives not willing to give consent
3. Patients with heart
failure
INVESTIGATIONS:
Complete Blood Count,
Lipid profile, Thyroid profile, Blood sugar levels, Kidney and liver function
tests, Urine routine and microscopy, Chest xray, Ecg, 2D Echo, HRCT Thorax
Clinical assessment
Blood Pressure (BP),
Pulse Rate (PR), Respiratory Rate (RR), Saturation, Temperature
Medical history
documentation (Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, chronic illnesses,
smoking/alcohol history)
Statistical
Analysis
Continuous
variables: Expressed as Mean ‡ Standard Deviation, compared using unpaired
t-test or ANOVA.
Categorical
variables: Expressed as frequencies and percentages, analyzed using chi-square
tests.
Correlation analysis:
Performed using Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation coefficients.
Statistical software:
SPSS version 27.0
Significance level: p
< 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Ethical
Considerations
Informed Consent:
Patients will be informed about study procedures in their native language.
Written consent will be obtained.
Confidentiality:
Patient data will be anonymized and stored securely in a password-protected
database.
Adherence to
Guidelines: The study follows institutional ethical committee guidelines and
Good Clinical Practice (GCP) standards.
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