Sheetapitta is a Tridoshaja Vyadhi (disease caused by the vitiation of all three doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) that manifests on the skin and affects individuals of all age groups. It is typically triggered by exposure to cold air or breeze, which aggravates Vata and Kapha doshas. These doshas then associate with Pitta dosha, resulting in various symptoms such as Varatidamshtravat Shotha (swelling resembling an insect bite), Kandu (itching), Toda (pricking pain), Daha (burning sensation), Chardi (vomiting), and Jwara (fever). Classical Ayurvedic texts like those of Madhavakara consider Sheetapitta and Udarda to be synonymous. The clinical features of Sheetapitta closely resemble those of urticaria.

Urticaria, in contemporary medicine, presents as transient skin lesions characterized by a central wheal surrounded by an erythematous halo or flare. These lesions are often pruritic (itchy) and typically last for about 24 hours. Urticaria is categorized as acute if it persists for less than six weeks and chronic if it continues for more than six weeks. It is a common condition, affecting approximately 15–20% of the population at some point in their lives. The peak incidence is observed during the third decade of life, and the condition tends to be more prevalent in females than in males.

According to Ayurveda, Sheetapitta (urticaria) requires immediate treatment due to its sudden onset. Sadhyovamana, a rapid cleansing procedure, is used without prior preparation to eliminate aggravated Kapha. Treatments like Abhyanga, Seka, Vamana, Virechana, Lepa, and Shamanoushadi are recommended, along with protocols for Kushta and Amlapitta. Gudadeepyaka, containing Pittaghna Guda and Kaphavatagna Ajamoda, and Nishottamadi Kashaya, indicated for skin disorders, may support effective management. This study evaluates the combined efficacy of Sadhyovamana, Gudadeepyaka, and Nishottamadi Kashaya in treating Sheetapitta.