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CTRI Number  CTRI/2025/05/087415 [Registered on: 22/05/2025] Trial Registered Prospectively
Last Modified On: 16/02/2026
Post Graduate Thesis  Yes 
Type of Trial  Observational 
Type of Study   Cross Sectional Study 
Study Design  Single Arm Study 
Public Title of Study   The Impact of Smartphone Use on Gait and Posture During Walking on Challenging Surface in College Students 
Scientific Title of Study   Impact Of Smartphone Usage While Walking on Dynamically Challenging Ground on the Gait and Posture in College Students  
Trial Acronym  NIL 
Secondary IDs if Any  
Secondary ID  Identifier 
NIL  NIL 
 
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)  
Name  Aabha Ashok Singh 
Designation  Post graduate student 
Affiliation  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy 
Address  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy (Deemed to be University), medical science complex, post nithyananda nagar, Deralakatte, Mangaluru-575018, Karnataka, India

Dakshina Kannada
KARNATAKA
575018
India 
Phone  9619696864  
Fax    
Email  aabha.24ptms01@student.nitte.edu.in  
 
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query  
Name  Dr Dhanesh Kumar K U 
Designation  Professor 
Affiliation  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy 
Address  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy (Deemed to be University), medical science complex, post nithyananda nagar, Deralakatte, Mangaluru-575018, Karnataka, India

Dakshina Kannada
KARNATAKA
575018
India 
Phone  9019431417  
Fax    
Email  dhaneshphysio1975@gmail.com  
 
Details of Contact Person
Public Query  
Name  Dr Dhanesh Kumar K U 
Designation  Professor 
Affiliation  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy 
Address  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy (Deemed to be University), medical science complex, post nithyananda nagar, Deralakatte, Mangaluru-575018, Karnataka, India

Dakshina Kannada
KARNATAKA
575018
India 
Phone  9019431417  
Fax    
Email  dhaneshphysio1975@gmail.com  
 
Source of Monetary or Material Support  
Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy  
 
Primary Sponsor  
Name  Nitte Deemed to be University 
Address  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy (Deemed to be University), medical science complex, post nithyananda nagar, Deralakatte, Mangaluru-575018, Karnataka, India 
Type of Sponsor  Research institution and hospital 
 
Details of Secondary Sponsor  
Name  Address 
NIL  NIL 
 
Countries of Recruitment     India  
Sites of Study  
No of Sites = 1  
Name of Principal Investigator  Name of Site  Site Address  Phone/Fax/Email 
Dr Aabha Ashok Singh  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy  Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy (Deemed to be University), medical science complex, post nithyananda nagar, Deralakatte, Mangaluru-575018, Karnataka, India
Dakshina Kannada
KARNATAKA 		 9619696864

aabha.24ptms01@student.nitte.edu.in 
 
Details of Ethics Committee  
No of Ethics Committees= 1  
Name of Committee  Approval Status 
Institutional Ethics Committee of NITTE Institute of Physiotherapy  Approved 
 
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI  
Status 
Not Applicable 
 
Health Condition / Problems Studied  
Health Type  Condition 
Healthy Human Volunteers  College Students 
 
Intervention / Comparator Agent  
Type  Name  Details 
Comparator Agent  NIL  NIL 
 
Inclusion Criteria  
Age From  18.00 Year(s)
Age To  27.00 Year(s)
Gender  Both 
Details  University students of NITTE Deemed to be University
Age 18–27-year old
Using smartphone for minimum 1 year
SAS-SV score more than 31 for boys and 33 for girls
BMI ranging from 18.5 – 29.9 Kg/m2 
 
ExclusionCriteria 
Details  Individuals with a history of ankle injury in the past 6 months.
Individuals with vestibular problems, visual problems.
Individuals with a history of spine or lower limb surgery in past 6 months.
Individuals with spinal deformity (e.g. scoliosis, kyphosis).
 
 
Method of Generating Random Sequence   Not Applicable 
Method of Concealment   Not Applicable 
Blinding/Masking   Not Applicable 
Primary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
2-D Gait Analysis  2-D Gait Analysis will be assessed in one session on 1st week of recruitment. 
 
Secondary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
SAS-SV (Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version)  SAS-SV will be assessed at the baseline. 
 
Target Sample Size   Total Sample Size="122"
Sample Size from India="122" 
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "122"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="122" 
Phase of Trial   N/A 
Date of First Enrollment (India)   01/07/2025 
Date of Study Completion (India) 26/01/2026 
Date of First Enrollment (Global)  Date Missing 
Date of Study Completion (Global) 26/01/2026 
Estimated Duration of Trial   Years="1"
Months="0"
Days="0" 
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)
Modification(s)  		 Not Applicable 
Recruitment Status of Trial (India)  Completed 
Publication Details   N/A 
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement

Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?  

Response - NO
Brief Summary
Modification(s)  		 This study investigates the impact of smartphone usage on gait and posture in college students while walking on dynamically challenging ground. The dual-task interference posed by smartphone use, which reduces situational awareness and affects gait and posture, increasing fall risk. This is a cross-sectional observational design study involving 122 university students selected through convenience sampling. Participants are assessed using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), and gait/posture parameters are measured via 2-D gait analysis using GaitON or Kinovea software. The walking tasks are conducted under three conditions: without smartphone, with smartphone, and on unimpeded ground, across dynamically challenging surfaces created using obstacles. Gait and Postural parameters will be analyzed at one-minute intervals over a three-minute trial. This approach aims to evaluate how smartphone distractions influence biomechanical and postural adaptations during multitasking in real-life walking scenarios. 
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