National Cancer Control Programme was launched in India since 1975 with prevention, creating awareness, early detection and appropriate treatment of common cancers as its major objective. National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) was launched in 2010 and has been renamed as National programme for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NP-NCD) since 2023 with an aim to create awareness and conduct population based screening (PBS) for individuals 30 years and above for five common Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) i.e., Hypertension, Diabetes and Cancers of the Oral Cavity, Uterine Cervix and Breast. NCD Cells have been established at District level. Although the screening for hypertension and diabetes has been initiated at some places, there have been minimal initiatives with respect to common cancer screening with only less than 1.2% of country. population been screened for common cancers so far. And a lack of training of the existing public health services staff in undertaking cancer awareness and screening is one of the most important reasons for this poor coverage. The department of Preventive Oncology at the Tata Memorial Hospital has vast experience of capacity building of various cadres of staff in awareness and screening of common cancers and also for implementing population-based awareness and screening programmes. BMC health set up forms the basis of public health system in Mumbai. It has dispensaries, health posts, maternity homes, tertiary care general hospitals and Medical Colleges with very good network of nearly 5000 grass root level staff spread over 25 BMC wards. The health department of BMC is keen on initiating common cancer awareness and screening at population level, however there is a need for formal training on conducting standardized common cancer awareness programme and in conducting screening for common cancers among grass root level staff deployed under BMC. With regards to implementation of cancer awareness and screening programme in Mumbai, the best possible way could be collaboration between Tertiary Cancer Hospital in Mumbai Tata Memorial Hospital and existing public health system i.e. Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC). Hence, we propose to collaborate with BMC and act as resource partners for capacity building of their grass root level staff for awareness and screening of common cancers and for hand holding in establishing cancer awareness, screening and tobacco cessation clinics. Aim: To formulate a sustainable and demonstrable model that aims at seamless integration and support of a tertiary cancer care hospital along with the existing public health system in Mumbai. Primary Objective: Capacity building for awareness and screening of common cancers, among BMC grassroot level health staff, establishing cancer awareness and screening clinics, sensitization about hazards of tobacco and establishment of TCCs and capacity building for Tobacco Control and Cessation: 1. To build capacity to create awareness among 4600 grassroot level health staff like ANM /Coordinators, CHVs, ASHAs (including BMC, NUHM and NCD corner), MPWs (working currently under BMC health set up) regarding prevention and early detection of common cancers through a structured training programme. 2. To determine the prevalence of common cancers among BMC grassroot level health staff by conducting screening of common cancers Viz, Breast, Uterine Cervix and Oral Cavity cancers using low cost and effective technologies. 3. To build capacity through theoretical and practical hands on training among BMC grassroot level health staff to screen for common cancers. 4. To determine the prevalence of common cancers among other BMC staff and general population from the community by conducting screening of common cancers Viz, Breast, Uterine Cervix and Oral Cavity Cancers using low cost Methodologies. 5. To formulate the referral linkage of all screen positive cases for cancer screening to the Department of Preventive Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai and other BMC hospitals for diagnostic confirmation and further management and identify the compliance for the same and the factors affecting it. 6. To sensitize BMC staff about the harmful effects of using tobacco and importance of tobacco cessation. 7. To establish TCCs in at-least 5 BMC wards and conduct capacity building of selected BMC Medical and Paramedical for Tobacco Control and Cessation counseling. 8. To strengthen Institutional capacity of BMC in implementing in awareness and screening of common cancers. We propose to implement the current project in three phase wise manner over a span of six years as mentioned below: Phase 1: Capacity building for awareness common cancers (spread over 14 months) All ANMs/ ANM Co-coordinators, CHVs, ASHAs (including BMC, NUHM and NCD corner) and MPWs working currently under BMC health set up and willing to participate in training for creating cancer awareness will be enrolled. Phase 2: Screening and Training for Screening (spread over 36 months) Screening for Oral Cavity Cancers: All grassroot level BMC health staff, other BMC Staff and general population willing to undergo screening for oral cavity cancers will be included. Screening for Breast and Cervical Cancers: All women BMC grassroot level health staff, other BMC women staff and women from general population between the age group 30 – 65 years willing to undergo screening for breast and cervical cancers will be enrolled. Theoretical and Practical Hands on Training for Common Cancer Screening: ANMs and other identified health staff by Senior BMC Health Authorities will be invited to participate in theoretical as well as practical hands-on training in the cancer awareness and screening clinics that will be set up at Health Posts and some Maternity Homes. Phase 3: Sensitization, Establishment of TCCs and Capacity building for Tobacco Control and Cessation (spread over 24 months) All health care staff of NCDs and Tobacco Control cells who are willing to participate or staff nominated by BMC Health Department will be provided training on conducting tobacco cessation counseling (TCC). Tobacco Cessation Clinics (TCC) will be established in at-least 5 BMC health posts to act as a model that could be replicated in other health post. This Implementation Research will supplement efforts of National programme for prevention of non-communicable diseases and also support implementation of National Tobacco Control Programme. This sustainable project will act as a demonstrable model that could be replicated across different municipal corporations in India. |