Sheetapitta is a condition where all three dosha gets vitiated but Vata vitiation is more. Sheetapitta is formed with two words which are exactly opposite to each other by their meaning. Here, Sheetapitta denotes Kapha and Vata and their combination with Pitta Dosha. Hence Dhatus involved in this are mainly Rasa and Rakta. In Ayurvedic texts only in Madhava Nidana Sheetapitta was explained in detail. In Samhita causes1
given for Sheetapitta are as follows- 1. Lavanakatu rasa, Shukta,Arnal, Sarshapaatisevana.
2. Exposure to cold environment, wind, water. 3. Diwaswap, Asamyaka Vamana. 4. Keeta Dansha, Krimi Sansarga. When person comes in contact with above causes or similar to these causes Dosha gets vitiated. Prakupita Vata and Kapha due to ‘Sheeta Marutadi Nidana’ when mixed with ‘Pitta’ spreads internally and externally and results in to ‘Sheetapitta-Udarda-Kotha’2 . Mostly Rasa and Rakta Dhatu get affected first. Rasa is related to Kapha Dosha and skin also Rakta Dhatu related to pitta dosha. By this Dosha Dushya Anubandha manifestation occurs in skin and gives rise to unique features of Sheetapitta i.e. Rash with severe burning and itching3 .
As per, modern aspect Sheetapitta is co-related with the urticaria and described as primary cutaneous disorder consist of a recurrent, transient, cutaneous swelling with erythema which resolves within 24 hours without leaving any residual cutaneous signs4
. An episode of it may start with itching followed by red elevated patches at site of itching. Scratching, beverages, emotional conditions and exercise are provocative factors forth symptoms. Episodes of Urticarial may continue to relapse for days, weeks, months or year if not treated properly. Frequent attacks may hamper patient’s mental condition. Urticariais counted as allergic reaction due to some food and have only symptomatic treatment and anti-allergic
drug. Commonly antihistaminic drugs were used for urticaria and long- term use causes many side effects. Treatment for Sheetapitta according to Ayurveda includes both Shodhana and Shaman chikitsa5 . Acharya have suggested that treatment can be done as of kushtha, Amlapitta . Various Aushadhiyoga are mentioned for Udarda, kotha which also can be used for Sheetapitta. Main advantage for Ayurvedic treatment is that it helps to stop the recurrence of Sheetapitta with correct use of Shodhana, Shamanachikitsa and Pathyapathyapalana7 |