Successful pulp therapy (SPT) requires absolute aseptic condition of the root canals by adequately cleaning and shaping of the root canal.[1] Convoluted pulpal canals often make the biomechanical preparation a challenging process in primary teeth.[2] Ideal obturation should provide fluid impervious seal for the successful pulp therapy.[3] There are numerous factors which are responsible for achieving the ideal quality of obturation such as, preparing the root canal walls to achieve adequate filling of the obturating material till the apex and the presence of three- dimensional seal of the root canal.[4] One of the main complications faced by children following pulp therapy is the presence of postoperative pain.[5] Postoperative pain is due to the apical extrusion of the debris during instrumentation producing inflammatory reaction. The biological objective is to eliminate necrotic pulp, bacteria, and bacterial toxins using instrumentation and irrigation, followed by filling the sterile canal with a resorbable material. [4] Besides thorough cleaning and debridement of the root canal, the treatment duration is particularly important in pediatric dentistry. The use of hand instruments is very time consuming and produces unwanted complications like apical transportation and ledge formation.[7] Adequately tapered preparations are required to seal the root canals till the apex with the obturating material.[8] To provide high-quality treatment more efficiently, rotary instrumentation has been introduced.[5] Rotary instrumentation was introduced for primary teeth by Barr et al. in 2000.[6] This technique offers both advantages and disadvantages for primary and permanent teeth. The use of rotary systems facilitates uniform preparation and thorough debridement of root canals. Silva et al. reported that using rotary instrumentation in primary teeth significantly reduces the time required for root canal preparation.[7] Studies have also demonstrated that nickeltitanium (NiTi) rotary instruments provide a good taper to the preparation, improving obturation quality with minimal risk of canal transportation.[8,9] However, Drukteinis and Balciuniene noted that rotary instruments might not completely clean the isthmus and fins of primary teeth due to their centering ability in the root canal. They recommended additional use of an H-file to remove infected tissue from ribbon-shaped canals and mitigate this disadvantage.[10] Other drawbacks of rotary instrumentation include increased cost and the potential for instrument breakage.[11]Exclusive rotary file systems for primary teeth have been developed over the time to overcome the disadvantage of the existing rotary files like Kedo s square File, Rainbow File, Fanta af file etc. Hence,the aim of this clinical trial is Comparative evaluation of Clinical outcome, Radiographic success and Antimicrobial efficacy of hand files with reciprocating handpiece v/s 3 different types of rotary file systems in primary teeth : A randomized Clinical study |