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CTRI Number  CTRI/2024/09/073671 [Registered on: 09/09/2024] Trial Registered Prospectively
Last Modified On: 06/09/2024
Post Graduate Thesis  Yes 
Type of Trial  Observational 
Type of Study   Cross Sectional Study 
Study Design  Other 
Public Title of Study   Factors causing work-related muscle and joint problems among professional auto-drivers in Udupi district, Karnataka. 
Scientific Title of Study   Factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders among professional auto-drivers in Udupi district, Karnataka. 
Trial Acronym  NIL 
Secondary IDs if Any  
Secondary ID  Identifier 
NIL  NIL 
 
Details of Principal Investigator or overall Trial Coordinator (multi-center study)  
Name  Sheryl Rachel Mathew 
Designation  Postgraduate student 
Affiliation  Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE 
Address  Department of Occupational Therapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE, Manipal

Udupi
KARNATAKA
576104
India 
Phone  8921341640  
Fax    
Email  sherylmathew123@gmail.com  
 
Details of Contact Person
Scientific Query
 
Name  Dr Shovan Saha 
Designation  Associate Professor 
Affiliation  Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE 
Address  Department of Occupational Therapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE, Manipal

Udupi
KARNATAKA
576104
India 
Phone  9880059426  
Fax    
Email  shovan.saha@manipal.edu  
 
Details of Contact Person
Public Query
 
Name  Dr Shovan Saha 
Designation  Associate Professor 
Affiliation  Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE 
Address  Department of Occupational Therapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE, Manipal

Udupi
KARNATAKA
576104
India 
Phone  9880059426  
Fax    
Email  shovan.saha@manipal.edu  
 
Source of Monetary or Material Support  
Department of Occupational Therapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India - 576104 
 
Primary Sponsor  
Name  Sheryl Rachel Mathew 
Address  Department of Occupational Therapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India - 576104 
Type of Sponsor  Other [self] 
 
Details of Secondary Sponsor  
Name  Address 
NIL  NIL 
 
Countries of Recruitment     India  
Sites of Study  
No of Sites = 1  
Name of Principal Investigator  Name of Site  Site Address  Phone/Fax/Email 
Dr Shovan Saha  Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education  Department of Occupational Therapy, 3rd floor, Manipal College of Health Professions, MAHE, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India - 576104
Udupi
KARNATAKA 
9880059426

shovan.saha@manipal.edu 
 
Details of Ethics Committee  
No of Ethics Committees= 1  
Name of Committee  Approval Status 
Kasturba Medical College and Kasturba Hospital Institutional Ethics Committee - 2 (student research)  Approved 
 
Regulatory Clearance Status from DCGI  
Status 
Not Applicable 
 
Health Condition / Problems Studied  
Health Type  Condition 
Patients  (1) ICD-10 Condition: Z579||Occupational exposure to unspecified risk factor,  
 
Intervention / Comparator Agent  
Type  Name  Details 
Comparator Agent  nil  nil 
Intervention  nil  nil 
 
Inclusion Criteria  
Age From  18.00 Year(s)
Age To  65.00 Year(s)
Gender  Both 
Details  • Working duration: 8 hours and above
• Ability to read and write 
 
ExclusionCriteria 
Details  • Previous injuries or trauma, such as, slip or fall accidents unrelated to professional driving duties.
• Congenital musculoskeletal abnormalities and prior limb surgery.
• Other neurological and orthopedic conditions. 
 
Method of Generating Random Sequence   Not Applicable 
Method of Concealment   Not Applicable 
Blinding/Masking   Not Applicable 
Primary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
To identify the factors causing WMSDs among auto drivers.  5 months from time of data collection 
 
Secondary Outcome  
Outcome  TimePoints 
To assess the prevalence of WMSDs among auto-drivers in the Udupi district, Karnataka.
 
5 months from the time of data collection 
 
Target Sample Size   Total Sample Size="284"
Sample Size from India="284" 
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (Total)= "Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials"
Final Enrollment numbers achieved (India)="Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials" 
Phase of Trial   N/A 
Date of First Enrollment (India)   17/09/2024 
Date of Study Completion (India) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Date of First Enrollment (Global)  Date Missing 
Date of Study Completion (Global) Applicable only for Completed/Terminated trials 
Estimated Duration of Trial   Years="0"
Months="5"
Days="0" 
Recruitment Status of Trial (Global)   Not Applicable 
Recruitment Status of Trial (India)  Not Yet Recruiting 
Publication Details   N/A 
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement

Will individual participant data (IPD) be shared publicly (including data dictionaries)?  

Response - NO
Brief Summary  

Title of the project: Factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders among

professional auto-drivers in Udupi district, Karnataka

Aims & objectives:

AIM: To determine the factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders among auto drivers in Udupi district, Karnataka.

OBJECTIVES:

  • To identify the factors causing WMSDs among auto drivers.

  • To assess the prevalence of WMSDs among auto-drivers in the Udupi district, Karnataka.

  • To profile the involved joints causing WMSDs among auto-drivers.
Study period: 8 months - July 2024 to March 2025

Sample size:

At 5% level of significance with an anticipated prevalence of 50% (p) and a margin of error 5% (d), the minimum sample size required to identify the risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among auto- drivers in Udupi district, Karnataka is

𝐧=#𝐙 𝟐 (𝐩)(𝟏�’𝐩) %𝐢.𝐞.𝐧=(𝟏.𝟗𝟔)𝟐 (𝟎.𝟓)(𝟏�’𝟎.𝟓)%=�’𝟖𝟓 �’�%# 𝟐

𝟏"𝟐 𝐝 # (𝟎.𝟎𝟓)𝟐

However, the population size is presently anticipated to be 650. Incorporating the finite population correction, 20% drop-out, we have.

𝐬𝐬 = #(�’𝟖𝟓)(𝟔𝟓𝟎) % = #𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟐𝟓𝟎 = : (𝐧)(𝐍) < = 𝟐�’𝟐 ~𝟐𝟖�’ �’𝟖𝟓+(𝟔�’𝟗) 𝟏𝟎�’�’ % 𝐧+(𝐍�’𝟏) 𝟎.𝟖𝟓
The sample size required for the study is 284 auto-drivers.

Methods:
Inclusion and exclusion criteria:

Inclusion criteria:

  • Age–18to65years
  • Working duration: 8 hours and above
  • Ability to read and write

Exclusion criteria:
  • Previous injuries or trauma, such as, slip or fall accidents unrelated to professional driving duties.

  • Congenital musculoskeletal abnormalities and prior limb surgery.

  • Other neurological and orthopedic conditions. 

Statistical methods:
  1. • Statistical analysis will be conducted using JAMOVI software (v2.3).
    • Frequency tables and percentages will assess musculoskeletal disorder risk prevalence among auto-drivers. Descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile range will be used for quantitative variables, adjusting for skewness.
    • Parametric tests like independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA will compare musculoskeletal disorder risks among auto-drivers in Udupi district, Karnataka, across socio-demographic groups. Non-parametric tests will be used if normality and variance homogeneity assumptions

are violated. Correlation and logistic regression will explore socio-demographic factors’ impact on outcome variables.

Tools used: Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire

  • Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) (Kuorinka et al., 1987) is a validated and reliable

    tool, suitable to use in epidemiologic studies.

  • The test-retest reliability of the questionnaire used to ascertain the musculoskeletal symptom-

    related information of the industrial workers fared well by having kappa values of 0.40 to 0.85

    or greater, which is good to excellent.

  • Along with being repeatable and sensitive, it is also a standardized, recognized, convenient,

    and cost-effective form of test.

  • NMQ contains 2 sections, a general questionnaire having 40 items, body map, supplementary

    questions and functional impacts due to the musculoskeletal difficulties. 

Procedure: 

• After CTRI registration and approval, Union leaders will recruit participants based on screening criteria, distributing consent forms for completion either at the association office or auto stands in Manipal and Udupi. Participants agreeing to join will complete the questionnaire in 15-20 minutes.

• Any queries will be addressed with the investigator’s assistance.
• Data collection will continue until the desired sample size is achieved.

• Subsequently, data analysis, dissertation writing, submission, manuscript preparation, and submission to a suitable journal will follow. 



 
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