Prathama Patalagata Timira is one among the Dristigata Netrarogas. Avyakta Roopa/Darshana (Blurriness of vision) mentioned under Prathama Patalagata Timira¹.

         The lakshanas of Prathama Patalagata Timira can be correlated with the signs and symptoms of Simple or developmental Myopia in Modern Ophthalmology. Simple or developmental Myopia is the most common refractive error seen in young children with prevalence rate 20-40% of population².

        According to an article published in OPO, journal of the college of optometrists, The prevalence of myopia in 5 to 15-year-old urban children increased from 4.44% in 1999 to 21.15% in 2019. Their predictions, based on the slope of 0.8% every year (4.05% for every 5 years) indicate that the prevalence of myopia will increase to 31.89% in 2030, 40.01% in 2040 and 48.14% in 2050. Due to the generational effect (caused by the nature of the condition lasting a lifetime once developed), there will be an overall increase in myopia prevalence across all age groups of 10.53% in the next three decades (2020 to 2050)³.

        As such there is no effective treatment for myopia, only optical correction by spectacles or contact lenses to restore distant vision is advised. It’s just an aid to improve the diminished vision. Meanwhile it fails to decrease complications like glaucoma, cataract, retinal detachment and risk of posterior segment sequel of myopia. Surgical intervention is advised only in condition of stabilized myopia and complication such as dry eye and night glare are common. Moreover the cost of surgery makes it fearful and less opted procedure. Hence an alternative treatment which is safe, devoid of complication, easy to administer and cost effective is need of hour.

            In classics different shodhana kriyas like virechana, basti and nasya along with kriyakalpas⁴ like Tarpana , Putapaka, Aschotana and anjana etc., are explained in the treatment of Netrarogas. Nrupavallabhataila⁵ Nasya and Abhijitataila⁶ Nasya is mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali, Netrarogadhikara. Hence an attempt is made to compare the efficacy of Nrupavallabhataila⁵ Nasya and Abhijitataila⁶ Nasya in the management of Prathama Patalagata Timira.

NULL HYPOTHESIS

H₀ – Nrupavallabhataila Nasya is not effective in the management of Prathama Patalagata Timira with special reference to Simple Myopia.

ALTERNATE HYPOTHESIS

H_1- Nrupavallabhataila Nasya is more effective than Abhijita Taila Nasya in the management of Prathama Patalagata Timira with special Reference to Simple Myopia.

 H_2- Nrupavallabhataila Nasya is less effective than Abhijita Taila Nasya in the management of Prathama Patalagata Timira with special Reference to Simple Myopia.