This is a cross-sectional, global, real-world prevalence study involving patients diagnosed with ASCVD and/or HF. There is only 1 planned study visit, during which patients will sign an informed consent form (ICF) and provide a blood sample. All efforts should be made to collect a blood sample at time of ICF signature, however if a patient is unable to provide a blood sample during this visit, they are permitted to return within 2 weeks of ICF signature. Full patient data will only be abstracted from patient records after a patient has provided a blood sample, and data will be abstracted to the date of the blood sample. Patients are recommended to be in a fasted state for collection of the blood sample, but this is not a requirement. In order to facilitate the required blood sample collection, sites may review patients’ medical charts to determine eligibility of patients with upcoming visits, discuss the study with the patient, and plan for the blood test to be performed during the same visit as ICF signature.

Patients will be invited sequentially to participate in the study during a 17-month enrolment period as they present for a routine visit to minimize bias in patient selection, and all eligible patients should be offered enrolment in the study.

Patients will be enrolled into the study and attributed to 4 pre-defined cohorts (note that patients may contribute to more than 1 cohort). This study defines CKD as having an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73m².

1. ASCVD with CKD (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73m²)

2. ASCVD without CKD (eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73m²)

3. HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) or HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF)

4. HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)